Thaleichthys pacificus (Richardson, 1836)
Eulachon
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Thaleichthys pacificus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Bilder | Google image
Thaleichthys pacificus
Bild av Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish.
Bilder | Google image
Bild av Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish.
Klassificering / Namn Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Osmeriformes (Freshwater smelts) > Osmeridae (Smelts)
Etymology: Thaleichthys: Greek, thaleia, -as = abundance + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335); pacificus: pacificus - of the Pacific (Ref. 1998).
More on author: Richardson.
Etymology: Thaleichthys: Greek, thaleia, -as = abundance + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335); pacificus: pacificus - of the Pacific (Ref. 1998).
More on author: Richardson.
Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde Ekologi
marina; sötvatten; brackvatten pelagic-neritic; anadrom (Ref. 138124); djupintervall 0 - 300 m (Ref. 6793). Temperate; 61°N - 40°N, 171°W - 121°W (Ref. 86798)
Utbredning Territorier | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Prickkarta | Utplanteringar | Faunafri
North Pacific: west of Saint Matthew Island and Kuskokwim Bay in the Bering Sea, and Bowers Bank in the Aleutian Islands to Monterey Bay, California, USA. Populations from northern British Columbia are separate from those in the Fraser River (Ref. 10276).
Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm 15.5, range 15 - 16 cm
Max length : 34.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 56527); common length : 20.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 7354); rapporterad maxålder: 5 år (Ref. 12193)
Max length : 34.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 56527); common length : 20.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 7354); rapporterad maxålder: 5 år (Ref. 12193)
Kort beskrivning Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 10 - 13; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 18 - 23; Ryggkotor: 65 - 72. Distinguished by the large canine teeth on the vomer and 18 to 23 rays in the anal fin (Ref. 27547). Adipose fin sickle-shaped; paired fins longer in males than in females; all fins with well developed breeding tubercles in ripe males which are poorly developed or absent in females (Ref. 27547). Adult coloration is brown to blue on back and top of the head, the sides lighter to silvery white, and the ventral surface white; speckling is fine, sparse and restricted to the back; peritoneum is light with black speckles (Ref. 6885). Fins transparent, pectorals and caudal often dusky (Ref. 27547). During spawning, male fish has a distinctly raised ridge along the middle of the body and a rough texture, differentiating it from the female which is smaller, smoother and shinier.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: compressed.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: compressed.
Found near shore and in coastal inlets and rivers (Ref. 2850). Possibly to 625 m depth (Ref. 6793). Spends most of its life in the sea, returning to freshwater streams to spawn (Ref. 27547). There is evidence of return to natal streams (Ref. 10276). May migrate up to 160 km upstream. Feeds on plankton and only while at sea (11699, 10276). Excellent food fish and source of oil (15% body wt.). Anadromous (Ref. 96339).
Livscykel och parningsbeteende Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
The spawning run from the sea to freshwater streams begins when river temperature rises to about 4.4° but the fish stop running if temperature exceeds 7.8°C. Males predominate the early part of the run, but their numbers are equalled or exceeded by females later (Ref. 10276, 11699). Adults usually die after spawning but some move back to the sea and return to spawn a second time (Ref. 1998). Upon hatching, larvae are found near the bottom and are soon carried downstream to salt water and eventually found in the scattering layer of coastal waters (Ref. 27547).
Huvudreferens
Ladda upp dina referenser | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 March 2012
CITES
Not Evaluated
Hot mot människor
Harmless
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: kommersiell
FAO - fiskeri: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Havet omkring oss
Ytterligare information
Populationsdynamik
Tillväxtparametrar
Max. åldrar / storlekar
Längd-vikt rel.
Längd-längd rel.
Längd-frekvenser
Massakonvertering
Rekrytering
Abundans
Tillväxtparametrar
Max. åldrar / storlekar
Längd-vikt rel.
Längd-längd rel.
Längd-frekvenser
Massakonvertering
Rekrytering
Abundans
Livscykel
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Mognad/Gills rel.
Fekunditet
Lek
Lekande aggregat
Ägg
Utveckling av ägg
Larver
Larvdynamik
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Mognad/Gills rel.
Fekunditet
Lek
Lekande aggregat
Ägg
Utveckling av ägg
Larver
Larvdynamik
Anatomi
Gälyta
Hjärna
Otolit
Gälyta
Hjärna
Otolit
Fysiologi
Kroppssammansättning
Näringsämnen
Syreförbrukning
Typ av simning
Simhastighet
Visuella pigment
Ljud från fisk
Sjukdomar & Parasiter
Toxicitet (LC50)
Kroppssammansättning
Näringsämnen
Syreförbrukning
Typ av simning
Simhastighet
Visuella pigment
Ljud från fisk
Sjukdomar & Parasiter
Toxicitet (LC50)
Genetik
Genom
Genetik
Heterozygositet
Ärftlighet
Genetisk mångfald
Genom
Genetik
Heterozygositet
Ärftlighet
Genetisk mångfald
Människorelaterad
Vattenbrukssystem
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera-fall
Frimärken, mynt, diverse.
Vattenbrukssystem
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera-fall
Frimärken, mynt, diverse.
Verktyg
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Internet-källor
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Släkte, Arter | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - fiskeri: landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OceanAdapt | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, sök | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoologiskt register
Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
|
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00372 (0.00180 - 0.00765), b=3.17 (2.99 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
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Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278) |
3.3 ±0.37 se; based on food items. |
| Generation time | 3.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
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Resiliens (Ref. 120179) |
Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (tm=2-6; tmax=5; K=0.34; Fec=17,000-60,000 Musick et al. 2000 (Ref. 36717)). |
| Rate of population increase | Prior r = 0.15, 95% CL = 0.10 - 0.22, Based on 1 full stock assessment. |
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Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100). 🛈 |
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Sårbarhet för klimatet (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate vulnerability (35 of 100). 🛈 |
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Priskategori (Ref. 80766) |
Very high. |
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Näringsämnen (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 98.1 [24.8, 242.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.808 [0.238, 2.305] mg/100g; Protein = 14.8 [13.7, 16.1] %; Omega3 = 1.23 [0.53, 3.04] g/100g; Selenium = 13.3 [5.8, 38.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.1 [4.9, 47.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.02 [0.47, 1.97] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |