Coregonus autumnalis (Pallas, 1776)
Arctic cisco
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Coregonus autumnalis AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Coregonus autumnalis
Male 图片提供人 Harrod, C.
照片 | 谷歌图片
Male 图片提供人 Harrod, C.
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Salmoniformes (Salmons) > Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Coregoninae
Etymology: Coregonus: Greek, kore = pupils of the eye + Greek, gonia = angle (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Pallas.
Etymology: Coregonus: Greek, kore = pupils of the eye + Greek, gonia = angle (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Pallas.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 pelagic-neritic; 溯河洄游 (Ref. 138280). 極; 84°N - 49°N, 8°W - 95°W
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Europe: All drainages (except Ob and Baikal) of Arctic Ocean in Eurasia from Mezen eastward. North America: Cape Barrow to Coronation Bay. Introduced in many localities of former USSR, but not established (Ref. 59043).
歐洲: 西伯利亞的英國，巴倫支海與海岸與河。 也在愛爾蘭, 在那裡它是直到最近 Coregonus lavaretus 互相混淆的與 Coregonus albula.(參考文獻 6258) 北方美國: 在加拿大西北地區中的 Murchison 河在阿拉斯加州指出搬運架; 也在西北地區 (參考文獻 5273) 與 Liard 河，卑詩省下游中的麥肯茲河.(參考文獻 10882) 伯恩公約的附錄 3(受保育的動物群). 屬於 Coregonus artedi 複合體。
歐洲: 西伯利亞的英國，巴倫支海與海岸與河。 也在愛爾蘭, 在那裡它是直到最近 Coregonus lavaretus 互相混淆的與 Coregonus albula.(參考文獻 6258) 北方美國: 在加拿大西北地區中的 Murchison 河在阿拉斯加州指出搬運架; 也在西北地區 (參考文獻 5273) 與 Liard 河，卑詩省下游中的麥肯茲河.(參考文獻 10882) 伯恩公約的附錄 3(受保育的動物群). 屬於 Coregonus artedi 複合體。
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 65.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 59043); common length : 47.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年龄: 12 年 (Ref. 59043)
Max length : 65.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 59043); common length : 47.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年龄: 12 年 (Ref. 59043)
简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 10 - 12; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 12 - 14; 脊椎骨: 64 - 67. Distinguished by the pale or colorless pelvic fins, a terminal mouth and the presence of 41 to 48 gill rakers on the 1st gill arch (Ref. 27547). Dorsal fairly high and slightly falcate; pelvic with axillary process (Ref. 27547). Brown to dark greenish above fading to silvery on sides and belly; fins pale (Ref. 27547).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
区别的特徵为灰白或者无色的腹鳍了, 一口部端位且那在第一鳃弓上有 41 到 48个鳃耙.(参考文献 27547) 背鳍非常高与些微镰刀状; 腹鳍有腋窝的突起。 (参考文献 27547) 褪成的褐色到深色的呈绿色的上方银色的在侧边与腹面上; 鳍灰白的.(参考文献 27547)
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
区别的特徵为灰白或者无色的腹鳍了, 一口部端位且那在第一鳃弓上有 41 到 48个鳃耙.(参考文献 27547) 背鳍非常高与些微镰刀状; 腹鳍有腋窝的突起。 (参考文献 27547) 褪成的褐色到深色的呈绿色的上方银色的在侧边与腹面上; 鳍灰白的.(参考文献 27547)
Adults occur in brackish waters (20-22 ppt) of coastal lagoons and mouths of rivers and bays (Ref. 4779, 59043). Nerito-pelagic (Ref. 58426). Food consists of small crustaceans, insects, small fishes (Ref. 28219, 28857), worms and clams (Ref. 58426, 59043). No feeding occurs during the upstream migration (Ref. 4779). Lives 10 -12 years, rarely up to 20 (Ref. 59043). Mature individuals enter rivers in shoals to spawn (Ref. 4779). They spend 6-8 years at sea before maturing and returning to rivers in June - July, to spawn in September - October of same year. A second run in autumn; those fishes remain a year in rivers before spawning. They move far upstream, sometimes up to 1500 km, spawn in shallow tributaries with some current in well oxygenated water over gravel bottom. Individual females do not spawn every year; only 2-3 times during entire life. After spawning adults return directly to sea. Embryonic development lasts up to 7 months. Alevins migrate downstream in May - June (Ref. 59043). Collected by fyke nets (Ref. 4526). An important commercial species but catches and abundance are markedly reduced in recent years (Ref. 59043).
出现于岸边泻湖与河口的半咸淡水域 (20-22个 ppt) 与海湾。 (参考文献 4779) 在浅滩中进入河产卵.(参考文献 4779) 吃小型甲壳动物，昆虫与小鱼。 (参考文献 28219,28857) 没有进食发生于溯溪回游。 (参考文献 4779) 由待袋网收集了。 (参考文献 4526)
出现于岸边泻湖与河口的半咸淡水域 (20-22个 ppt) 与海湾。 (参考文献 4779) 在浅滩中进入河产卵.(参考文献 4779) 吃小型甲壳动物，昆虫与小鱼。 (参考文献 28219,28857) 没有进食发生于溯溪回游。 (参考文献 4779) 由待袋网收集了。 (参考文献 4526)
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Mature adults migrate upstream in the summer and may cover as much as 1,000 km (Ref. 28219) to spawn over gravel in fairly swift water. After spawning, adults return downstream. Young probably hatch in the spring and descend rivers into estuaries (Ref. 27547). Coregonus autumnalis do not breed yearly (Ref. 28219, 28220).歐洲: 西伯利亞的英國，巴倫支海與海岸與河。 也在愛爾蘭, 在那裡它是直到最近 Coregonus lavaretus 互相混淆的與 Coregonus albula.(參考文獻 6258) 北方美國: 在加拿大西北地區中的 Murchison 河在阿拉斯加州指出搬運架; 也在西北地區 (參考文獻 5273) 與 Liard 河，卑詩省下游中的麥肯茲河.(參考文獻 10882) 伯恩公約的附錄 3(受保育的動物群). 屬於 Coregonus artedi 複合體。
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Wheeler, A., 1992. A list of the common and scientific names of fishes of the British Isles. J. Fish Biol. 41(suppl.A):1-37. (Ref. 5204)
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
无害处的
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | 周边海洋
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基于模型的估算
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系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00468 (0.00404 - 0.00541), b=3.22 (3.18 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
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营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
3.7 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies. |
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回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (tm=6; Fec=2,000). |
| Rate of population increase | Prior r = 0.40, 95% CL = 0.26 - 0.60, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment. |
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渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100). 🛈 |
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价格分类 (Ref. 80766) |
Very high. |
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营养素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 16.1 [7.0, 29.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.468 [0.222, 0.892] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [17.2, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 0.693 [0.272, 1.906] g/100g; Selenium = 11.8 [4.4, 30.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.52 [1.07, 40.50] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.432 [0.329, 0.617] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |