Gadus macrocephalus Tilesius, 1810
Pacific cod
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Gadus macrocephalus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
muatnaik fotos/gambar dan video
Gambar | Perangko, koin, dll. | imej Google
Gadus macrocephalus
foto/gambar oleh Orlov, A.
Gambar | Perangko, koin, dll. | imej Google
foto/gambar oleh Orlov, A.
klasifikasi / Nama Nama-nama umum | Sinonim (persamaan) | Catalog of Fishes(Marga, Jenis) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Gadiformes (Cods) > Gadidae (Cods and haddocks)
Etymology: Gadus: Latin, gadus = a fish, cod? (Ref. 45335); macrocephalus: macrocephalus meaning large head (Ref. 6885).
Etymology: Gadus: Latin, gadus = a fish, cod? (Ref. 45335); macrocephalus: macrocephalus meaning large head (Ref. 6885).
Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi Ekologi
laut; payau dasar (demersal); oceanodromus (Ref. 138310); kisaran kedalaman 10 - 1280 m (Ref. 50550), usually 100 - 400 m (Ref. 54440). Boreal; 6°C - 9°C (Ref. 11800); 73°N - 31°N, 119°E - 119°W
Penyebaran Wilayah | Daerah-daerah FAO | Ekosistem | Kemunculan | peta titik | Introduksi | Faunafri
Arctic: Chukchi and Beaufort Seas eastward across Arctic Canada to western Greenland; south in the Atlantic Ocean to Gulf of St. Lawrence. Pacific Ocean: eastern Pacific to southern California at Santa Monica, and in the western Pacific to the Yellow Sea.
Panjang pada saat jatuh tempo pertama / Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm 66.6, range 23 - 85 cm
Max length : 119 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 40637); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 22.7 kg (Ref. 27436); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 25 Tahun (Ref. 55701)
Max length : 119 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 40637); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 22.7 kg (Ref. 27436); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 25 Tahun (Ref. 55701)
deskripsi pendek Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 37 - 57; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 31 - 42; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 49 - 55. Distinguished by the presence of 3 dorsal and 2 anal fins, a long chin barbel (about 3/4 as long as the eye diameter in young, longer than eye diameter in adults), and a space between the second and third dorsal fins that is shorter than the eye diameter (Ref. 27547). Lateral line with a prominent arch under the 1st and 2nd dorsal fins, is straight toward the tail, ending under the 3rd dorsal (Ref. 27547). Brown or gray dorsally, becoming paler ventrally; dark spots or vermiculating patterns on the sides (Ref.1371). Yellow color phases are known (Ref. 27547). Fins dusky; dorsal, anal and caudal fins with white edges that are wider on anal and caudal than on dorsal (Ref. 27547).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Found mainly along the continental shelf and upper slopes (Ref. 1371). Form schools (Ref. 9988). They appear to be indiscriminate predators upon dominant food organisms present (Ref. 1371). Young probably feed on copepods and similar organisms (Ref. 27547). Adults feed on fishes, octopi, and large benthic and benthopelagic crustaceans (Ref. 1371); also worms. Parasites of the species include sealworm (Phocanema decipiens) in flesh, copepod (Lernaeocera branchialis) on gills and cestode (Pyramicocephalus phocarum) in the intestine (Ref. 5951). Marketed fresh and frozen for human consumption (Ref. 2850), and also dried or salted and smoked (Ref. 9988). Eaten steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, micro-waved and baked (Ref. 9988). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166). Minimum depth from Ref. 054440.
Siklus hidup dan perilaku kawin Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fekunditas | Larva
From late summer to mid-winter, fish move into the deeper water (100 to 250 m) of spawning areas; move inshore to depths of 30 to 60 m after spawning (Ref. 27547). Spawning occurs once a year (Ref. 120291).
rujukan utama
Unggah referensi Anda | Acuan | Koordinator | mitra
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
CITES
Not Evaluated
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: bernilai komersial tinggi; Ikan buruan: ya
FAO - Perikanan: profail spesis, landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Laut di Sekitar Kita
informasi lanjut
Siklus hidup
Reproduksi, perkembang biakan
Kematangan
Kedewasaan / insang rel.
Fekunditas
Pemijahan
Agregasi pemijahan
telur-telur
pekembangan telor
Larva
Dinamika larva
Reproduksi, perkembang biakan
Kematangan
Kedewasaan / insang rel.
Fekunditas
Pemijahan
Agregasi pemijahan
telur-telur
pekembangan telor
Larva
Dinamika larva
Fisiologi
Komposisi tubuh
Nutrisi
Konsumsi oksigen
Jenis renang
Kecepatan berenang
Pigmen visual
Suara ikan
Penyakit & Parasit
Toksisitas (LC50)
Komposisi tubuh
Nutrisi
Konsumsi oksigen
Jenis renang
Kecepatan berenang
Pigmen visual
Suara ikan
Penyakit & Parasit
Toksisitas (LC50)
Yang berhubungan dengan manusia
Sistem akuakultur
profil budidaya air
Strain
Kasus Ciguatera
Perangko, koin, dll.
Sistem akuakultur
profil budidaya air
Strain
Kasus Ciguatera
Perangko, koin, dll.
Alat, peralatan
E-book | Penuntun lapangan | Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | tanda freqkuenci panjang | peringkat sejarah hidup | peta titik |
Tangkap-MSY |
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | semak peneliti ikan | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Marga, Jenis | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Perikanan: profail spesis, landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OceanAdapt | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | pengenalan RFE | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: pergi, Cari | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Catatan Zoologi
Estimasi berdasarkan model
|
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00724 (0.00626 - 0.00838), b=3.10 (3.06 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
|
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan 69278) |
4.2 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies. |
|
Daya lenting (Acuan 120179) |
Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (Musick et al. 2000 (Ref. 36717); tmax=25; tm=3-8; K=0.11-0.27; Fec >1million). |
| Rate of population increase | Prior r = 0.35, 95% CL = 0.23 - 0.53, Based on 13 full stock assessments. |
|
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100). 🛈 |
|
Kerentanan Iklim (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (45 of 100). 🛈 |
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kategori harga (Ref. 80766) |
Low. |
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Nutrisi (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 13.9 [9.0, 26.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.194 [0.130, 0.305] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [16.1, 19.0] %; Omega3 = 0.377 [0.161, 0.932] g/100g; Selenium = 14.1 [4.9, 39.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.51 [0.66, 26.54] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.353 [0.271, 0.433] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |