Gadus macrocephalus Tilesius, 1810
Pacific cod
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Gadus macrocephalus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Gadus macrocephalus
Photo de Orlov, A.
Images | Timbres, pièces de monnaie, divers | Images Google
Photo de Orlov, A.
Classification / Noms Noms communs | Synonymes | Catalog of Fishes(Genre, Espèce) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Gadiformes (Cods) > Gadidae (Cods and haddocks)
Etymology: Gadus: Latin, gadus = a fish, cod? (Ref. 45335); macrocephalus: macrocephalus meaning large head (Ref. 6885).
Etymology: Gadus: Latin, gadus = a fish, cod? (Ref. 45335); macrocephalus: macrocephalus meaning large head (Ref. 6885).
Environnement : milieu / zone climatique / profondeur / gamme de distribution Écologie
marin; saumâtre démersal; océanodrome (Ref. 138310); profondeur 10 - 1280 m (Ref. 50550), usually 100 - 400 m (Ref. 54440). Boreal; 6°C - 9°C (Ref. 11800); 73°N - 31°N, 119°E - 119°W
Distribution Territoires | Zones FAO | Écosystèmes | Occurrences | Carte par point | Introductions | Faunafri
Arctic: Chukchi and Beaufort Seas eastward across Arctic Canada to western Greenland; south in the Atlantic Ocean to Gulf of St. Lawrence. Pacific Ocean: eastern Pacific to southern California at Santa Monica, and in the western Pacific to the Yellow Sea.
Longueur à la première maturité / Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturité: Lm 66.6, range 23 - 85 cm
Max length : 119 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 40637); poids max. publié: 22.7 kg (Ref. 27436); âge max. reporté: 25 années (Ref. 55701)
Max length : 119 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 40637); poids max. publié: 22.7 kg (Ref. 27436); âge max. reporté: 25 années (Ref. 55701)
Description synthétique Clés d'identification | Morphologie | Morphométrie
Épines dorsales (Total) : 0; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total) : 37 - 57; Épines anales: 0; Rayons mous anaux: 31 - 42; Vertèbres: 49 - 55. Distinguished by the presence of 3 dorsal and 2 anal fins, a long chin barbel (about 3/4 as long as the eye diameter in young, longer than eye diameter in adults), and a space between the second and third dorsal fins that is shorter than the eye diameter (Ref. 27547). Lateral line with a prominent arch under the 1st and 2nd dorsal fins, is straight toward the tail, ending under the 3rd dorsal (Ref. 27547). Brown or gray dorsally, becoming paler ventrally; dark spots or vermiculating patterns on the sides (Ref.1371). Yellow color phases are known (Ref. 27547). Fins dusky; dorsal, anal and caudal fins with white edges that are wider on anal and caudal than on dorsal (Ref. 27547).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Found mainly along the continental shelf and upper slopes (Ref. 1371). Form schools (Ref. 9988). They appear to be indiscriminate predators upon dominant food organisms present (Ref. 1371). Young probably feed on copepods and similar organisms (Ref. 27547). Adults feed on fishes, octopi, and large benthic and benthopelagic crustaceans (Ref. 1371); also worms. Parasites of the species include sealworm (Phocanema decipiens) in flesh, copepod (Lernaeocera branchialis) on gills and cestode (Pyramicocephalus phocarum) in the intestine (Ref. 5951). Marketed fresh and frozen for human consumption (Ref. 2850), and also dried or salted and smoked (Ref. 9988). Eaten steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, micro-waved and baked (Ref. 9988). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166). Minimum depth from Ref. 054440.
Cycle de vie et comportement reproducteur Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves
From late summer to mid-winter, fish move into the deeper water (100 to 250 m) of spawning areas; move inshore to depths of 30 to 60 m after spawning (Ref. 27547). Spawning occurs once a year (Ref. 120291).
Référence principale
Téléchargez vos références | Références | Coordinateur | Collaborateurs
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
CITES
Not Evaluated
Menace pour l'homme
Harmless
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: hautement commercial; pêche sportive: oui
FAO - pêcheries: Résumé espèce, landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Plus d'informations
Écologie trophique
Aliments (proies)
Composition du régime alimentaire
Consommation alimentaire
Rations alimentaires
Prédateurs
Aliments (proies)
Composition du régime alimentaire
Consommation alimentaire
Rations alimentaires
Prédateurs
Cycle de vie
Reproduction
Maturité
Maturité/épines rel.
Fécondité
Frai
Agrégats de frai
Œufs
Développement de l'œuf
Larves
Dynamique des populations larvaires
Reproduction
Maturité
Maturité/épines rel.
Fécondité
Frai
Agrégats de frai
Œufs
Développement de l'œuf
Larves
Dynamique des populations larvaires
Physiologie
Composition corporelle
Nutriments
Consommation d'oxygène
Type de natation
Vitesse de nage
Pigments visuels
Son de poisson
Maladies et parasites
Toxicité (CL50)
Composition corporelle
Nutriments
Consommation d'oxygène
Type de natation
Vitesse de nage
Pigments visuels
Son de poisson
Maladies et parasites
Toxicité (CL50)
Liées à l'homme
Systèmes d'aquaculture
Profils d'aquaculture
Souches
Cas de ciguatera
Timbres, pièces de monnaie, divers
Systèmes d'aquaculture
Profils d'aquaculture
Souches
Cas de ciguatera
Timbres, pièces de monnaie, divers
Outils
E-book | Guide de terrain | Clés d'identification | Générateur de fréquences de longueur | Outil de dynamique de population | Carte par point |
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Articles particuliers
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Sources Internet
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Genre, Espèce | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - pêcheries: Résumé espèce, landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OceanAdapt | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Identification RFE | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Arbre de Vie | Wikipedia: aller à, chercher | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record
Estimations basées sur des modèles
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Indice de diversité phylogénétique (Réf. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00724 (0.00626 - 0.00838), b=3.10 (3.06 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
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Niveau trophique (Réf. 69278) |
4.2 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies. |
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Résilience (Réf. 120179) |
Faible, temps minimum de doublement de population : 4,5 à 14 années (Musick et al. 2000 (Ref. 36717); tmax=25; tm=3-8; K=0.11-0.27; Fec >1million). |
| Rate of population increase | Prior r = 0.35, 95% CL = 0.23 - 0.53, Based on 13 full stock assessments. |
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Vulnérabilité de la pêche (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100). 🛈 |
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Vulnérabilité climatique (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (45 of 100). 🛈 |
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Catégorie de prix (Ref. 80766) |
Low. |
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Nutriments (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 13.9 [9.0, 26.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.194 [0.130, 0.305] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [16.1, 19.0] %; Omega3 = 0.377 [0.161, 0.932] g/100g; Selenium = 14.1 [4.9, 39.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.51 [0.66, 26.54] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.353 [0.271, 0.433] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |