Merluccius bilinearis, Silver hake : fisheries, gamefish

Merluccius bilinearis (Mitchill, 1814)

Silver hake
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Merluccius bilinearis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Merluccius bilinearis (Silver hake)
Merluccius bilinearis
Photo von Flescher, D.

Klassifizierung / Names Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Gadiformes (Cods) > Merlucciidae (Merluccid hakes)
Etymology: Merluccius: Latin, mar, maris = the sea + Latin, lucius = pike (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Mitchill.

Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet Ökologie

seewasser demersal; ozeanodrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 55 - 914 m (Ref. 58452). Temperate; 55°N - 24°N, 80°W - 42°W (Ref. 54581)

Verbreitung Territorien | FAO Gebiete | Ökosysteme | Vorkommen | Punkt Karte | Einführungen | Faunafri

Northwest Atlantic: coast of Canada and USA from Bell Isle Channel to the Bahamas; most common from southern Newfoundland to South Carolina.

Länge bei der ersten Reifung / Größe / Gewicht / Alter

Geschlechtsreife: Lm 23.2  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 76.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 1371); common length : 37.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 1371); common length :65 cm TL (female); max. veröff. Gewicht: 2.3 kg (Ref. 1371); max. veröff. Alter: 12 Jahre (Ref. 1371)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 1; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 47 - 54; Afterflossenstacheln: 0; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 37 - 41. Head large, about 30% of SL . Pectoral fins long, reaching origin of anal fin. Overall color is silvery, somewhat brownish on back, whitish on belly.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: oval.

Biologie     Fachlexikon (Englisch) (z.B. epibenthic)

Abundant on sandy grounds and strays into shallower waters. A voracious predator with cannibalistic habits. Individuals over 40 cm TL prey on fishes such as gadoids and herring, while smaller ones feed on crustaceans, i.e. euphausiids and pandalids; food also includes gaspereau, myctophids, smelt, silversides, mackerel, sand lance, butterfish, snakeblennies, longhorn sculpins and squids (Ref. 5951). The smallest specimen feeds mostly on crustaceans (Ref. 58452). Exhibits seasonal onshore-offshore migration (Ref. 9988). Spawning takes place from June-July in the mid-Atlantic region; July-August in the Gulf of Maine and to the north of Georges Bank, and August-September on the Scotian Shelf (Ref. 58452). Marketed fresh, smoked and frozen; fresh fish are exported to European markets; eaten fried, broiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).

Lebenszyklus und Paarungsverhalten Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fruchtbarkeit | Larven

Spawning appears to be strongly influenced by water temperature, and annual variations occur both in the peak and the range of the spawning period, which may influence considerably the growth of juveniles.

Hauptreferenz Laden Sie Ihre Referenzen hoch | Referenzen | Koordinator | Partner

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Gefährdung zunehmend (NT) ; Date assessed: 06 January 2015

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

  Harmless





Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: hoch kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja

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Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen

Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex
(Ref. 82804)
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.00490 (0.00405 - 0.00592), b=3.10 (3.05 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophische Ebene
(Ref. 69278)
4.5   ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time 3.4 (2.7 - 4.3) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 10 growth studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit
(Ref. 120179)
mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (K=0.18-0.4;tm=2-3; tmax=12).
Rate of population increase Prior r = 0.26, 95% CL = 0.17 - 0.39, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei
(Ref. 59153)
Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100). 🛈
Klimaanfälligkeit
(Ref. 125649)
Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100). 🛈
Preiskategorie
(Ref. 80766)
Low.
Nährstoffe
(Ref. 124155)
Calcium = 12.4 [6.5, 37.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.245 [0.086, 0.595] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [16.6, 18.7] %; Omega3 = 0.276 [0.189, 0.400] g/100g; Selenium = 28.2 [14.6, 52.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.2 [4.9, 58.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.279 [0.197, 0.387] mg/100g (wet weight);