Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut; payau pelagic-neritic; kisaran kedalaman 1 - ? m (Ref. 6390). Temperate; 25°S - 41°S, 112°E - 153°E
Eastern Indian Ocean and Southwest Pacific: endemic to the southern coasts of Australia, from Shark Bay to Bass Strait, Tasmania, and east to Forster, New South Wales.
Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 41.0 cm FL jantan/; (Ref. 27296); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 800.00 g (Ref. 27296); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 7 Tahun (Ref. 27652)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 9; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 16; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 10; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 25. Large eyes, diameter of which about one fifth of the head length. Body scales are slightly rough to touch. Body coloration: green above and silvery below with vertical rows of golden spots on the upper sides, tips of the caudal fin are black. Juveniles have dark golden bars on their sides (Ref. 6390). Length of upper lobe of caudal fin < 29.9% SL (Ref. 9701).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Usually found inshore in bays and estuaries over seagrass beds or near areas of seaweed (e.g. kelp), on rocky reefs, and along ocean beaches. Juveniles are found in inshore coastal waters, bays and inlets (Ref. 6390). Feed on small fish and prawns (Ref. 27946).
Both small, undeveloped ova (eggs) and larger ripe ova are present in the ovary at the same time. This phenomenon suggests that these species are either partial spawners (i.e. only some of the ova are spawned each time) or that the small ova remain in the ovary after spawning and are resorbed (Ref. 27945).
Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993. Australian fisheries resources. Bureau of Resource Sciences, Canberra, Australia. 422 p. (Ref. 6390)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial; Ikan buruan: ya
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan 82804) |
PD50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
|
Bayesian length-weight
|
a=0.00955 (0.00349 - 0.02613), b=3.01 (2.78 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan 69278) |
4.3 ±0.76 se; based on food items. |
|
Generation time |
1.3 (1.1 - 1.9) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 10 growth studies. |
Daya lenting (Acuan 120179) |
sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (K=0.8-1; tm=2-4; tmax=7; Fec=190,000). |
|
Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.70, 95% CL = 0.46 - 1.05, Based on 3 data-limited stock assessments. |
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref. 59153) |
Low vulnerability (22 of 100). 🛈 |
Kerentanan Iklim (Ref. 125649) |
Very high vulnerability (94 of 100). 🛈 |
kategori harga (Ref. 80766) |
Very high.
|
Nutrisi (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 49.3 [28.8, 99.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.573 [0.349, 1.000] mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [17.9, 22.3] %; Omega3 = 0.781 [0.419, 1.487] g/100g; Selenium = 9.68 [3.97, 21.32] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.4 [4.8, 55.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.587 [0.409, 0.855] mg/100g (wet weight); |