Gymnarchus niloticus Cuvier, 1829
Aba
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Osteoglossiformes (Bony tongues) > Gymnarchidae (Abas)
Etymology: Gymnarchus: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, archos = anus (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Etymology: Gymnarchus: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, archos = anus (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
; 淡水 居于水底的; pH range: 6.5 - 8.0; dH range: 10 - 25; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243). 熱帶; 23°C - 28°C (Ref. 13614); 18°N - 2°N, 16°W - 36°E
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Africa: basins of the rivers Senegal, Gambia, Volta, Niger and Chad in West Africa (Ref. 3530, 81275). Also in the Nile River basin (Ref. 3530, 28714) and Lake Turkana (Ref. 3530, 52331).
非洲: 在尼羅河，尼日，查德的佛塔河，塞內加爾與甘比亞流域與魯道夫湖中廣泛地出現。
非洲: 在尼羅河，尼日，查德的佛塔河，塞內加爾與甘比亞流域與魯道夫湖中廣泛地出現。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 183 - 230. Diagnosis: body very elongate (Ref. 28714, 81275), anguilliform (Ref. 81275), its depth 7.2-10.6 times in SL, and covered with tiny scales (Ref. 2915, 81275). Lateral line complete (Ref. 81275). Dorsal fin soft-rayed, extending almost over the entire length of back (Ref. 81275), stopping short of a naked tail (Ref. 28714). Pelvic, anal and caudal fins absent (Ref. 28714, 81275), body ending in a thin/sharp point (Ref. 2915, 81275). Pectoral fins reduced (Ref. 81275), 1.9-5.0 times in head length (Ref. 2915, 81275). Head naked, its length 5.6-6.9 times in SL; snout prominent (Ref. 2915, 81275). Mouth large and terminal; teeth strong, pointed or notched, aligned in a single row in both jaws, 12-16 in upper, 22-28 in lower jaw; premaxillae, as well as vomer and palatines, coalesced; maxillae, vomer and palatines toothless; eye very small, without a free margin (covered by skin); only the left gonad is developed and functional (Ref. 81275).
Coloration: dark grey to almost black, darker posteriorly; belly whitish (Ref. 81275).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: circular.
体高 7.2-10.3 x SL。 头部 5.6-6.9 x SL。 吻突出的。 胸鳍 1.9-5.0 x 头长。 身体的末端形成细尖状。 头部没有鳞片。 鳞片小的。
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: circular.
体高 7.2-10.3 x SL。 头部 5.6-6.9 x SL。 吻突出的。 胸鳍 1.9-5.0 x 头长。 身体的末端形成细尖状。 头部没有鳞片。 鳞片小的。
Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 118411, 126274). Inhabits marginal vegetation and swamps constructing a flask-shaped nest in vegetation during the floods, which it is reputed to defend with vigour (Ref. 28714). Following flooding of the Gambia River banks, large elliptical floating nests are build in densely vegetated swamps at depths of about 1-1.5 m, in which about 1000 ‘amber-like’ eggs are laid; larvae hatch after 5 days (Ref. 10609). Feeds on crustaceans, insects and fish (Ref. 28714). No pelvic, anal or caudal fins (Ref. 28714). Possesses an electric organ that extends along almost the entire trunk to the tip of the tail (Ref. 10840). Also equipped with ampullary receptors and two types of tuberous receptors for electroreception (Ref. 10841). Showed increased electric organ discharge (EOD) rate by 50-60 Hz between 21 and 31°C (Ref. 10837).
在河岸 (冈比亚河) 的洪水泛滥之后，这种建立大的椭圆漂浮筑巢在满布植物的沼泽中深度大约 1-1.5 公尺; 产下大约 1000像琥珀色一样的' 卵; 在 5 天之后的仔鱼孵化.(参考文献 10609) 吃甲壳动物，昆虫与鱼。 (参考文献 28714) 没有腹鳍、臀鳍与尾鳍。 持有一个延伸的发电器几乎沿着整个躯干到尾巴的尖端.(参考文献 10840) 对于接收电流也具备有感觉顶泡与两种类型的感觉结节。 (参考文献 10841) 在 21 与 31 °C 之间 50-60个赫兹显现增加的发电器放电 (EOD) 率了。 (参考文献 10837)
在河岸 (冈比亚河) 的洪水泛滥之后，这种建立大的椭圆漂浮筑巢在满布植物的沼泽中深度大约 1-1.5 公尺; 产下大约 1000像琥珀色一样的' 卵; 在 5 天之后的仔鱼孵化.(参考文献 10609) 吃甲壳动物，昆虫与鱼。 (参考文献 28714) 没有腹鳍、臀鳍与尾鳍。 持有一个延伸的发电器几乎沿着整个躯干到尾巴的尖端.(参考文献 10840) 对于接收电流也具备有感觉顶泡与两种类型的感觉结节。 (参考文献 10841) 在 21 与 31 °C 之间 50-60个赫兹显现增加的发电器放电 (EOD) 率了。 (参考文献 10837)
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Breeds in well-vegetated, marginal areas of swamps and rivers, where a large, floating nest, about 1 m in diameter, is constructed, in which the eggs are laid and later guarded by one of the parents (Ref. 27583). Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).非洲: 在尼羅河，尼日，查德的佛塔河，塞內加爾與甘比亞流域與魯道夫湖中廣泛地出現。
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Bigorne, R., 1990. Gymnarchidae. p. 185-186. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. tome 1. Faune Trop. 28. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique and ORSTOM, Paris. (Ref. 2911)
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
无害处的
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
FAO - 水产养殖系统: production search渔业: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource |
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基于模型的估算
|
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 1.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00427 (0.00162 - 0.01126), b=3.09 (2.87 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
|
营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
3.7 ±0.58 se; based on food items. |
| Generation time | 6.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
|
回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.12-0.17). |
|
渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
High vulnerability (63 of 100). 🛈 |
|
价格分类 (Ref. 80766) |
Unknown. |
|
营养素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 62.6 [33.3, 136.7] mg/100g; Iron = 1.01 [0.56, 2.07] mg/100g; Protein = 17.4 [15.5, 19.1] %; Omega3 = 0.27 [0.11, 0.68] g/100g; Selenium = 118 [43, 271] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17 [6, 45] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.05 [0.73, 1.57] mg/100g (wet weight); |