Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina; brackvatten revassocierade; amfidrom (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 1 - 60 m (Ref. 37816). Tropical; 38°N - 35°S, 20°E - 169°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Samoa, north to southern Japan, southern Korea, and the Ogasawara Islands, south to Australia and Lord Howe Island. Palau and Yap in Micronesia (Ref. 1602). Sometimes enters freshwaters of East Africa (Lake Malawi) and Madagascar (Ref. 3879). First record in the Mediterranean (Ref. 123740),
Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm 16.9  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.2 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 127810); common length : 25.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 3478); rapporterad maxålder: 7 år (Ref. 240)
Kort beskrivning
Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 1; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 69 - 115; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 58 - 82. This species has the dorsal and anal fins continuous with caudal fin; with 4 pairs of mouth barbels; and a single highly venomous serrate spine at the beginning of the first dorsal and each of the pectoral fins (Ref. 1602).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: circular.
Coastal benthic (Ref. 68964). The only catfish found in coral reefs. Also found in estuaries, tide pools and open coasts. Juveniles form dense ball-shaped schools of about 100 fish; adults are solitary or occur in smaller groups of around 20 and are known to hide under ledges during the day (Ref. 1602, 5503, 12693, 37816, 48635). Adults search and stir the sand incessantly for crustaceans, mollusks, worms, and sometimes fish (Ref. 5213). Oviparous, with demersal eggs and planktonic larvae (Ref. 205). The highly venomous serrate spine of the first dorsal and each of the pectoral fins are dangerous, and even fatal in rare cases (Ref. 1602).
The male in the spawning pair constructs the nest under rocks and other large pieces of debris (Ref. 240). After spawning, the female departs while the male guards the eggs.
Taylor, W.R. and J.R. Gomon, 1986. Plotosidae. p. 160-162. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISBN, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3879)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: kommersiell; Akvarium: Kommersiell
Verktyg
Särskilda rapporter
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00589 (0.00443 - 0.00782), b=3.13 (3.05 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278) |
3.6 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies. |
Resiliens (Ref. 120179) |
Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (K=0.44-0.45; tm=1-3; tmax=7). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment. |
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100). 🛈 |
Priskategori (Ref. 80766) |
Low.
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Näringsämnen (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 53.1 [24.8, 136.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.646 [0.386, 1.153] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [15.6, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.189 [0.101, 0.357] g/100g; Selenium = 31.8 [18.0, 62.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 80.2 [26.5, 245.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.35 [0.94, 1.87] mg/100g (wet weight); |