分類 / 名稱 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Salmoniformes (Salmons) 鮭形目 (Salmons) > Salmonidae (Salmonids) 鮭科 (Salmonids) > Coregoninae
Etymology: Coregonus: Greek, kore = pupils of the eye + Greek, gonia = angle (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Dr Bernhard Wartmann (1739–1815) was a Swiss physician and naturalist. He qualified as a physician at Montpellier and was a town councillor and public health doctor at St Gallen (1789). He described this species (1777) but did not use a Linnaean name. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Bloch.
Etymology: Coregonus: Greek, kore = pupils of the eye + Greek, gonia = angle (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Dr Bernhard Wartmann (1739–1815) was a Swiss physician and naturalist. He qualified as a physician at Montpellier and was a town councillor and public health doctor at St Gallen (1789). He described this species (1777) but did not use a Linnaean name. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Bloch.
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍 生態學
; 淡水 大洋性; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 0 - ? m (Ref. 13813), usually 0 - 60 m (Ref. 13813). 溫帶; 4°C - 15°C (Ref. 47057); 48°N - 47°N, 9°E - 10°E
分布 領土 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | 分布圖 | 簡介 | Faunafri
Europe: Lake Constance (Switzerland, Germany and Austria).
歐洲: 康斯坦茨湖，瑞士，德國與奧地利上游。
歐洲: 康斯坦茨湖，瑞士，德國與奧地利上游。
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Lacustrine, pelagic, usually at 0-40 m during summer. Feeds on plankton and insects; preys on juvenile Perca fluviatilis in summer. Spawns at surface over deep water, off-shore. Spawns for the first time at 2-3 years and in first half of December, when temperature falls below 7˚C. Males aggregate at surface and females ready to spawn come from deeper water to join these aggregations. Eggs sink to bottom and hatch in March. Larvae swim to surface and start to feed after 8 days (Ref. 59043). Also Ref. 13813, 47057.
生活於上面的康斯坦茨湖; 成熟的有三個數年而且產卵於接近水表處從十一月底到在十二月之中.(參考文獻 47057) 選擇性地在浮游動物上為食。 (參考文獻 13813) 卵生的.(參考文獻 205) 卵被埋藏在沒有防衛的巢之中。 (參考文獻 205)
生活於上面的康斯坦茨湖; 成熟的有三個數年而且產卵於接近水表處從十一月底到在十二月之中.(參考文獻 47057) 選擇性地在浮游動物上為食。 (參考文獻 13813) 卵生的.(參考文獻 205) 卵被埋藏在沒有防衛的巢之中。 (參考文獻 205)
生命週期和交配行為 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).歐洲: 康斯坦茨湖，瑞士，德國與奧地利上游。
主要參考資料
上傳您的推薦信 | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Kottelat, M., 1997. European freshwater fishes. An heuristic checklist of the freshwater fishes of Europe (exclusive of former USSR), with an introduction for non-systematists and comments on nomenclature and conservation. Biologia, Bratislava, 52/Suppl. 5:1-271. (Ref. 13696)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
瀕危 (EN) (A2ace; B1ab(iii,v)); Date assessed: 04 November 2023
CITES
Not Evaluated
對人類具威脅
無害處的
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
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基於模型的估計
|
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00457 (0.00194 - 0.01077), b=3.13 (2.92 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
|
營養階層 (參考文獻 69278) |
3.1 ±0.30 se; based on food items. |
| Generation time | 7.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies. |
|
回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=2-3). |
|
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100). 🛈 |
|
價格種類 (Ref. 80766) |
Very high. |