Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
marino benthopelagico; distribuzione batimetrica 40 - 1500 m (Ref. 52180), usually 260 - 490 m (Ref. 52180). Deep-water; 19°S - 55°S, 67°W - 173°W
Southwest Atlantic: Argentina. Southeast Atlantic and Western Indian Ocean: South Africa. Southwest Pacific: New Zealand and Australia (including Western Australia).
Lunghezza alla prima maturità / Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm 70.6, range 59 - ? cm
Max length : 140 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 9563); common length : 60.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 52180); peso massimo pubblicato: 63.0 kg (Ref. 54802); Età massima riportata: 15 anni (Ref. 9072)
Breve descrizione
Chiavi di identificazione | Morfologia | Morfometria
Spine dorsali (totale) : 7 - 8; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 19 - 21; Spine anali: 3; Raggi anali molli: 15 - 17. Uniformly dark to black.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Most common over or near rocky areas at 100-300 m (Ref. 9258). Generally, blue eye remain close to the sea bed during the day and move up in the water column at night, following concentrations of food (Ref. 6390). The fish are found over rough ground and at the edges of canyons and steep drop-offs. Blue eye appear to prefer cold water as part of their general behavior (Ref. 6390). Juveniles inhabit surface waters, sometimes in association with floating debris (Ref. 6390). Feed primarily on the pelagic tunicate Pyrosoma atlantica which is found near the sea bed during the day but dispersed throughout the water column at night (Ref. 7129, 30454). They also feed on squid, mollusks and crustaceans (Ref. 30455, 30454) and fish ranging from small lanternfish (Myctophidae) to large fish such as gemfish (Rexea solandri). Juveniles consume small planktonic and sedentary organisms (Ref. 30456). Marketed fresh and frozen; exported to Japan for sashimi; eaten steamed, fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988).
In Australia, spawning appears to be correlated with water temperature and nutrient upwellings (Ref. 7129). It appears that mature fish move up the continental slope into shallow depths (320-400 m) and aggregate in specific grounds for spawning (Ref. 6390).
There is no information on the number of eggs blue eye produce nor on the egg and larval stages of their life history (Ref. 6390).
Haedrich, R.L., 1986. Stromateidae. p. 842-846. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4410)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Minaccia per l'uomo
Harmless
Usi umani
Pesca: commerciale
Strumenti
Rapporti speciali
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Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Indice di diversità filogenetica (Fonte Biblio. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00891 (0.00489 - 0.01624), b=3.10 (2.93 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
Livello trofico (Fonte Biblio. 69278) |
4.0 ±0.57 se; based on food items. |
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio. 120179) |
Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (K=0.03-0.3; tm=5-7; tmax=15; Fec=>1,000). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.38 - 0.86, Based on 3 data-limited stock assessments. |
Vulnerabilità della pesca (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100). 🛈 |
Vulnerabilità climatica (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoria di prezzo (Ref. 80766) |
Low.
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Nutrienti (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 10.4 [6.4, 22.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.339 [0.162, 0.644] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [15.8, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.374 [0.208, 0.689] g/100g; Selenium = 30.4 [12.7, 67.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.3 [2.3, 43.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.259 [0.181, 0.392] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |