分類 / 名稱
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings)
鯡形目 (Herrings) >
Engraulidae (Anchovies)
鯷科 (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Encrasicholina: Greek, egkrasicholos, -os, -on = mixed with spleen.
More on author: Fowler.
環境: 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 pelagic-neritic; 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 189). 熱帶; 25°N - 14°N, 165°W - 143°W (Ref. 189)
Eastern Central Pacific: endemic to Hawaii, but its use as a baitfish may spread its range.
中太平洋東部: 夏威夷的特有種, 但是它的使用作為一個,誘餌魚可能傳佈它的分佈範圍。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 7.5 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 189)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 0; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 13 - 15. Most specimens without pre-pelvic scutes, but some with 1 to 5 thin needle-like scutes. Maxilla tip blunt, reaching to front border of pre-operculum, but scarcely projecting beyond second supra-maxilla. Isthmus short, preceded by a small fleshy plate on urohyal between branchial membranes. Anal fin short, its origin behind base of last dorsal fin ray.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: circular.
沒有前腹鰭鱗甲的大多數的標本, 但是一些具有 1 到 5個細的針狀鱗甲。 顎骨頂端鈍的, 延伸到前鰓蓋的前緣, 但是幾乎不突出超過第二個上顎骨。 峽部短, 在鰓蓋膜之間的尾舌骨上前面有一個小的肉質碟了。 臀鰭短, 它的起點在最後背鰭鰭條的基底後面。
Epipelagic (Ref. 58302). A schooling species living close inshore and entering bays, inlets, estuaries, canals and even penetrating into fish ponds, thus able to tolerate a wide range of salinities. Feeds mainly on planktonic crustacean larvae. Breeds throughout the year, with a peak in summer, spawning at night (between 2200 and 0200 hours) in bays and estuaries (Ref. 189).
表層帶.(參考文獻 58302) 一個群游性魚種生活近岸與灣內,小水灣,河口, 管甚至進入魚池塘之內, 如此能容忍寬範圍的鹽度。 主要吃浮游性甲殼類幼生。 全年繁殖, 在被在海灣與河口中產卵在晚上 (在 2200 與 0200 小時之間) 的夏天具有一個高峰.(參考文獻 189)
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Spawn in bays and estuaries in school (Ref. 205). Spawning is said to be continuous throughout the season (Ref. 32412, 40290).中太平洋東部: 夏威夷的特有種, 但是它的使用作為一個,誘餌魚可能傳佈它的分佈範圍。
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 28 February 2017
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 誘餌: usually
工具
特別的報告
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網路資源
基於模型的估計
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00955 (0.00526 - 0.01733), b=3.20 (3.04 - 3.36), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
營養階層 (參考文獻 69278) |
3.1 ±0.30 se; based on food items. |
回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=1.7). |
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Low vulnerability (11 of 100). 🛈 |
價格種類 (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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