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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Engraulidae (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Encrasicholina: Greek, egkrasicholos, -os, -on = mixed with spleen.
More on author: Fowler.
محیط زیست: محیط زیست / منطقه آب و هوایی / تغييرات عمق / محدوده توزیع
بوم شناسي
دريايي; لب شور pelagic-neritic; تغييرات عمق 0 - 50 m (Ref. 189). Tropical; 25°N - 14°N, 165°W - 143°W (Ref. 189)
Eastern Central Pacific: endemic to Hawaii, but its use as a baitfish may spread its range.
اندازه / وزن / سن
بلوغ: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 7.5 cm SL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 189)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 0; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 13 - 15. Most specimens without pre-pelvic scutes, but some with 1 to 5 thin needle-like scutes. Maxilla tip blunt, reaching to front border of pre-operculum, but scarcely projecting beyond second supra-maxilla. Isthmus short, preceded by a small fleshy plate on urohyal between branchial membranes. Anal fin short, its origin behind base of last dorsal fin ray.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: circular.
Epipelagic (Ref. 58302). A schooling species living close inshore and entering bays, inlets, estuaries, canals and even penetrating into fish ponds, thus able to tolerate a wide range of salinities. Feeds mainly on planktonic crustacean larvae. Breeds throughout the year, with a peak in summer, spawning at night (between 2200 and 0200 hours) in bays and estuaries (Ref. 189).
چرخه زندگی و رفتار جفتگیری
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | باروری | توزاد ( لارو)
Spawn in bays and estuaries in school (Ref. 205). Spawning is said to be continuous throughout the season (Ref. 32412, 40290).
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك; طعمه: usually
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
تخمینها بر اساس مدلها
شاخص تنوع فیلوژنتیکی (مرجع 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00955 (0.00526 - 0.01733), b=3.20 (3.04 - 3.36), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
سطح تروفیک (مرجع 69278) |
3.1 ±0.30 se; based on food items. |
جهندگی (مرجع 120179) |
زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (K=1.7). |
آسیبپذیری ماهیگیری (Ref. 59153) |
Low vulnerability (11 of 100). 🛈 |
طبقه قيمت (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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