Pagrus auratus, Silver seabream : fisheries, aquaculture, gamefish

Pagrus auratus (Forster, 1801)

Silver seabream
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Pagrus auratus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Pagrus auratus (Silver seabream)
Pagrus auratus
Foto de Randall, J.E.

Classificação / Nomes Nomes comuns | Sinônimos | Catalog of Fishes(Gênero, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Pagrus: Greek, pagros = a fish, Dentex, sp. (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Forster.

Taxonomic Remarks
There has been much confusion in the past literature between the names Chrysophrys aurata/us, Pagrus aurata/us and Sparus aurata/us, that were used for two different species: Pagrus auratus (Forster, 1801) from the West Pacific on one side, Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758 from the Northeast and Central Atlantic on the other side, Check the geographic origin of specimens when these names are used in the literature.

Meio ambiente: milieu / Zona climática / intervalo de profundidade / faixa de distribuição Ecologia

marinhas; estuarina associadas(os) a recifes; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 0 - 200 m (Ref. 28569). Subtropical; 44°N - 47°S, 90°E - 175°W

Distribuição Territórios | Áreas da FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Mapa de pontos | Introduções | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: widely occurring off New Zealand, Australia, Philippines, Indonesia, China, Taiwan, and Japan. Populations in the northern and southern hemispheres are independent and isolated but were similar enough to be declared one and the same species (Ref. 28569, 28591).

Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturidade: Lm 26.2, range 20 - 28 cm
Max length : 130 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 2334); common length : 40.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 3243); peso máx. publicado: 20.0 kg (Ref. 28591); idade máx. registrada: 54 anos (Ref. 92924)

Biologia     Glossário (p.ex. epibenthic)

Inhabit rocky reefs (Ref. 9702). Also occur in estuaries (Ref. 9563). Juveniles mainly inhabit inlets, bays and other shallow, sheltered marine waters, often over mud and seagrass (Ref. 6390). Small fish measuring less than 30 cm TL are common inshore around reef areas often in groups of around 30 individuals. Larger fish are shy and are less frequently seen (Ref. 26966). Adults often live near reefs, but are also found over mud and sand substrates (Ref. 6390). They are relatively sedentary. However, tagging studies have shown them capable of substantial migrations (Ref. 28591). Crustaceans (crabs, shrimps, etc) form the basis of the diet, but marine worms, starfish, sea urchins, shellfish and fish are also important (Ref. 28591). Not commercially cultured at present but considered as a prime aquaculture candidate (Ref. 28590). Maximum estimated age for SW Pacific is 54 years with validated longevity on the order of 40 years based on minimum age from bomb radiocarbon dating (Ref. 92924; Allen Andrews, pers.comm. 01/13). It is parasitised by the monogenean Anoplodiscus cirrusspiralis on the fins and body surface (Ref. 124057).

Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas

Mature adults form large schools in preferred spawning areas (Ref. 6390). They are serial spawners (Ref. 6390). Spawning generally occurs in waters less than 50 m deep (Ref. 6390). They generally only spawn when water temp is equal to 18°C (Ref. 6390). There have been no investigations of sex reversals in Australian snapper populations. However, in New Zealand, some juvenile snapper change sex from female to male but all such changes are completed by the onset of maturity (Ref. 28040).

Referência principal Carregar suas referências | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Paulin, C.D., 1990. Pagrus auratus, a new combination for the species known as "snapper" in Australasian waters (Pisces: Sparidae). N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 24(2):259-265. (Ref. 28569)

Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Segura ou pouco preocupante (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 December 2009

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para os humanos

  Harmless





Uso pelos humanos

Pescarias: espécies comerciais; Aquacultura: experimental; peixe esportivo: sim
FAO - Sistemas de aquicultura: production searchpescarias: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimativas baseadas em modelos

Índice de diversidade filogenética
(Ref. 82804)
PD50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.02188 (0.01250 - 0.03829), b=2.98 (2.84 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Nível Trófico
(Ref. 69278)
3.6   ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliência
(Ref. 120179)
Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (tmax=11).
Rate of population increase Prior r = 0.34, 95% CL = 0.23 - 0.52, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Vulnerabilidade da pesca
(Ref. 59153)
High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100). 🛈
Vulnerabilidade climática
(Ref. 125649)
High vulnerability (60 of 100). 🛈
Categoria de preço
(Ref. 80766)
Very high.
Nutrientes
(Ref. 124155)
Calcium = 12 [5, 25] mg/100g; Iron = 0.581 [0.194, 1.769] mg/100g; Protein = 20.8 [19.1, 22.7] %; Omega3 = 0.139 [0.067, 0.297] g/100g; Selenium = 24.5 [10.4, 61.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 18.4 [3.6, 93.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.569 [0.277, 1.225] mg/100g (wet weight);