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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Pagrus auratus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Bilder | Videor | Frimärken, mynt, diverse. | Google image
Pagrus auratus
Bild av Randall, J.E.
Bilder | Videor | Frimärken, mynt, diverse. | Google image
Bild av Randall, J.E.
Klassificering / Namn Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Pagrus: Greek, pagros = a fish, Dentex, sp. (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Forster.
Etymology: Pagrus: Greek, pagros = a fish, Dentex, sp. (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Forster.
Taxonomic Remarks
There has been much confusion in the past literature between the names Chrysophrys aurata/us, Pagrus aurata/us and Sparus aurata/us, that were used for two different species: Pagrus auratus (Forster, 1801) from the West Pacific on one side, Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758 from the Northeast and Central Atlantic on the other side, Check the geographic origin of specimens when these names are used in the literature.
Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde Ekologi
marina; brackvatten revassocierade; havsvandrande (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 0 - 200 m (Ref. 28569). Subtropical; 44°N - 47°S, 90°E - 175°W
Utbredning Territorier | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Prickkarta | Utplanteringar | Faunafri
Indo-Pacific: widely occurring off New Zealand, Australia, Philippines, Indonesia, China, Taiwan, and Japan. Populations in the northern and southern hemispheres are independent and isolated but were similar enough to be declared one and the same species (Ref. 28569, 28591).
Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm 26.2, range 20 - 28 cm
Max length : 130 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 2334); common length : 40.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 3243); publicerad maxvikt: 20.0 kg (Ref. 28591); rapporterad maxålder: 54 år (Ref. 92924)
Max length : 130 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 2334); common length : 40.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 3243); publicerad maxvikt: 20.0 kg (Ref. 28591); rapporterad maxålder: 54 år (Ref. 92924)
Inhabit rocky reefs (Ref. 9702). Also occur in estuaries (Ref. 9563). Juveniles mainly inhabit inlets, bays and other shallow, sheltered marine waters, often over mud and seagrass (Ref. 6390). Small fish measuring less than 30 cm TL are common inshore around reef areas often in groups of around 30 individuals. Larger fish are shy and are less frequently seen (Ref. 26966). Adults often live near reefs, but are also found over mud and sand substrates (Ref. 6390). They are relatively sedentary. However, tagging studies have shown them capable of substantial migrations (Ref. 28591). Crustaceans (crabs, shrimps, etc) form the basis of the diet, but marine worms, starfish, sea urchins, shellfish and fish are also important (Ref. 28591). Not commercially cultured at present but considered as a prime aquaculture candidate (Ref. 28590). Maximum estimated age for SW Pacific is 54 years with validated longevity on the order of 40 years based on minimum age from bomb radiocarbon dating (Ref. 92924; Allen Andrews, pers.comm. 01/13). It is parasitised by the monogenean Anoplodiscus cirrusspiralis on the fins and body surface (Ref. 124057).
Livscykel och parningsbeteende Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
Mature adults form large schools in preferred spawning areas (Ref. 6390). They are serial spawners (Ref. 6390). Spawning generally occurs in waters less than 50 m deep (Ref. 6390). They generally only spawn when water temp is equal to 18°C (Ref. 6390).
There have been no investigations of sex reversals in Australian snapper populations. However, in New Zealand, some juvenile snapper change sex from female to male but all such changes are completed by the onset of maturity (Ref. 28040).
Huvudreferens
Ladda upp dina referenser | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare
Paulin, C.D., 1990. Pagrus auratus, a new combination for the species known as "snapper" in Australasian waters (Pisces: Sparidae). N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 24(2):259-265. (Ref. 28569)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 December 2009
CITES
Not Evaluated
Hot mot människor
Harmless
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: kommersiell; Vattenbruk: experimentell; sportfisk: ja
FAO - Vattenbrukssystem: production searchfiskeri: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Havet omkring oss
Ytterligare information
Livscykel
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Mognad/Gills rel.
Fekunditet
Lek
Lekande aggregat
Ägg
Utveckling av ägg
Larver
Larvdynamik
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Mognad/Gills rel.
Fekunditet
Lek
Lekande aggregat
Ägg
Utveckling av ägg
Larver
Larvdynamik
Anatomi
Gälyta
Hjärna
Otolit
Gälyta
Hjärna
Otolit
Fysiologi
Kroppssammansättning
Näringsämnen
Syreförbrukning
Typ av simning
Simhastighet
Visuella pigment
Ljud från fisk
Sjukdomar & Parasiter
Toxicitet (LC50)
Kroppssammansättning
Näringsämnen
Syreförbrukning
Typ av simning
Simhastighet
Visuella pigment
Ljud från fisk
Sjukdomar & Parasiter
Toxicitet (LC50)
Människorelaterad
Vattenbrukssystem
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera-fall
Frimärken, mynt, diverse.
Vattenbrukssystem
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera-fall
Frimärken, mynt, diverse.
Verktyg
E-bok | Fälthandbok | Bestämningsnycklar | Längdfördelnings-verktyg | Livshistorie-verktyg | Prickkarta |
Fångst-MSY |
Särskilda rapporter
Kontrollera för underhåll av akvarium | Kontrollera om det finns faktablad om arter | Kontrollera om det finns faktablad om vattenbruk
Ladda ner XML
Internet-källor
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Släkte, Arter | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Vattenbrukssystem: production searchfiskeri: landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | Nationella databaser | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | RFE Identification | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, sök | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoologiskt register
Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
|
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.02188 (0.01250 - 0.03829), b=2.98 (2.84 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
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Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278) |
3.6 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies. |
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Resiliens (Ref. 120179) |
Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (tmax=11). |
| Rate of population increase | Prior r = 0.34, 95% CL = 0.23 - 0.52, Based on 3 full stock assessments. |
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Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref. 59153) |
High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100). 🛈 |
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Sårbarhet för klimatet (Ref. 125649) |
High vulnerability (60 of 100). 🛈 |
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Priskategori (Ref. 80766) |
Very high. |
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Näringsämnen (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 12 [5, 25] mg/100g; Iron = 0.581 [0.194, 1.769] mg/100g; Protein = 20.8 [19.1, 22.7] %; Omega3 = 0.139 [0.067, 0.297] g/100g; Selenium = 24.5 [10.4, 61.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 18.4 [3.6, 93.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.569 [0.277, 1.225] mg/100g (wet weight); |