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Carangiformes (Jacks) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Trachinotinae
Etymology: Lichia: Greek, lichia = corpse like skin colour.
More on author: Linnaeus.
Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina; brackvatten pelagic-neritic; havsvandrande (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 0 - 50 m (Ref. 3197). Subtropical; 47°N - 28°S
Eastern Atlantic: southern Bay of Biscay to South Africa, including the Mediterranean. Western Indian Ocean: South Africa to Maputo Bay, Maputo (Mozambique)..
Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm ?, range 60 - ? cm
Max length : 200 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 57392); common length : 100.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 3197); publicerad maxvikt: 50.0 kg (Ref. 27584)
Kort beskrivning
Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 8; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 19 - 21; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 3; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 17 - 21. Diagnosis: body elongate, moderately deep and compressed; dorsal profile of head almost straight, ending in a pointed snout; eyes relatively small; upper jaw slender and rounded posteriorly, ending below or beyond posterior eye margin; 2 dorsal fins, 1st with 7 spines with only their bases connected by a membrane, 2nd with 1 spine and 19-21 soft rays; anal fin with 2 detached spines followed by 1 spine and 17-21 soft rays; pectoral fins short, comprised 1.5-1.8 times in head length; scales small, those on breast oval to strongly lanceolate, and partially embedded in the skin; lateral line very irregular and wavy, describing a convex curve over, and a concave curve behind pectoral fins; no lateral-line scutes (Ref. 57392). Brown above, silvery white below lateral line; lobes of dorsal and anal fins black distally; juveniles (to at least 12 cm fork length) with brownish black bars on sides (Ref. 3197, 57392).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Marine, coastal pelagic species (Ref. 57392). Adults are found in coastal waters including estuaries. Occasionally entering lower reaches of rivers like the Kunene and Orange Rivers in Namibia (Ref. 52863). Juveniles often entering estuaries (Ref. 57392). Feed mainly on fish; juveniles prefer crustaceans (Ref. 4332). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233). Popular game fish (Ref. 3197).
Livscykel och parningsbeteende
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1986. Carangidae. p. 815-844. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. vol. 2. (Ref. 4233)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Hot mot människor
Harmless
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: kommersiell; sportfisk: ja
Verktyg
Särskilda rapporter
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01413 (0.01043 - 0.01912), b=2.93 (2.84 - 3.02), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278) |
4.5 ±0.8 se; based on diet studies. |
Resiliens (Ref. 120179) |
Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Assuming tm=2). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.51, 95% CL = 0.34 - 0.76, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment. |
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref. 59153) |
Very high vulnerability (77 of 100). 🛈 |
Sårbarhet för klimatet (Ref. 125649) |
High vulnerability (57 of 100). 🛈 |
Priskategori (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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Näringsämnen (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 36.6 [20.7, 79.3] mg/100g; Iron = 1.26 [0.69, 2.33] mg/100g; Protein = 20.5 [19.3, 21.7] %; Omega3 = 0.346 [0.200, 0.608] g/100g; Selenium = 24.1 [12.4, 44.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.68 [2.53, 33.46] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.526 [0.372, 0.751] mg/100g (wet weight); |