Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
; air tawar; payau bentopelagis. Tropical
Asia: Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand (Chao Phraya, Mekong and Tapi Rivers).
Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm WD jantan/; (Ref. 7050)
Narrow white marginal band around disk; white spot anterior to spiracle and posterior to eye; ventral surface plain; spiral valve with 11-14 turns (Ref. 12693).
Body shape (shape guide): other.
Inhabits sandy bottoms in estuaries and rivers (Ref. 12693). Feeds on bottom-dwelling crustaceans and shellfish. Breeds in fresh water (Ref. 32457). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Wounds caused by the dorsal spines are extremely painful and can be fatal. Sold fresh for human consumption (Ref. 32457). Total length maybe greater than 200 cm.
Siklus hidup dan perilaku kawin
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fekunditas | Larva
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
Kottelat, M., A.J. Whitten, S.N. Kartikasari and S. Wirjoatmodjo, 1993. Freshwater fishes of Western Indonesia and Sulawesi. Periplus Editions, Hong Kong. 221 p. (Ref. 7050)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Traumatogenic
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil; Akuarium: Komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan 82804) |
PD50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01023 (0.00486 - 0.02155), b=3.06 (2.86 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan 69278) |
3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items. |
Daya lenting (Acuan 120179) |
sangat rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum lebih dari 14 tahun (Assuming Fec<10). |
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref. 59153) |
Very high vulnerability (77 of 100). 🛈 |
kategori harga (Ref. 80766) |
Low.
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