Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
marino demersale; distribuzione batimetrica 30 - 400 m (Ref. 5222). Subtropical; 46°N - 18°S, 19°W - 41°E
Eastern Atlantic: Portugal to Angola, including the Mediterranean.
Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 164 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 89707); peso massimo pubblicato: 35.0 kg (Ref. 5222)
Spine dorsali (totale) : 11; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 13 - 14; Spine anali: 3; Raggi anali molli: 8. Distinguished by the following characteristics: uniformly dark reddish brown or greyish violet to yellowish grey; posterior parts of median fins with distinct white edge; 2-3 dark bands radiating posteriorly from the eye, uppermost extends from the eye to the lower opercular spine, 2nd runs from the lower edge of the eye across the angle of preopercle to the juncture of interopercle and subopercle, 3rd band extends from the dark mustache streak at the upper edge of the maxilla to the lower edge of preopercle; body depth 2.7-3.0 times in SL; head length 2.3-2.5 in SL; convex interorbital area; angular preopercle, 3-5 distinctly enlarged serrae at the angle and usually slender, antrorse or ventrally directed spine on ventral edge near the angle; serrate subopercle and interopercle; distinctly convex upper edge of operculum; posterior nostril is 2 or 3 times size of anterior nostril; scaly maxilla, reaching to or beyond vertical at rear edge of eye; 2 rows of teeth in midlateral part of lower jaw, inner teeth larger; well developed canines at front of jaws; caudal fin truncate, corners slightly rounded; body scales distinctly ctenoid, with numerous auxiliary scales (Ref. 089707).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Occurs on sandy mud bottoms (Ref. 3589). Feeds on fishes and invertebrates (Ref. 5506). Maximum weight of 78 kilograms reported by Jose Manuel, Spain (05/05).
Ciclo vitale e comportamento di accoppiamento
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecondità | Larve
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Minaccia per l'uomo
Harmless
Usi umani
Pesca: commerciale
Strumenti
Rapporti speciali
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Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Indice di diversità filogenetica (Fonte Biblio. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01148 (0.00550 - 0.02396), b=3.04 (2.88 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Livello trofico (Fonte Biblio. 69278) |
3.8 ±0.55 se; based on food items. |
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Generation time |
28.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio. 120179) |
Molto basso, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione più di 14 anni (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
Vulnerabilità della pesca (Ref. 59153) |
Very high vulnerability (87 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoria di prezzo (Ref. 80766) |
Very high.
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Nutrienti (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 22.5 [8.2, 54.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.669 [0.308, 1.587] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.5, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.267 [0.136, 0.540] g/100g; Selenium = 52.6 [20.4, 126.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19.2 [4.0, 96.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.745 [0.455, 1.220] mg/100g (wet weight); |