Entorno: milieu / zona climática / rango de profundidad / gama de distribución
Ecología
marino; agua dulce; salobre demersal; catadromo (Ref. 46888); rango de profundidad 2 - 15 m (Ref. 130217). Subtropical; 65°N - 12°N, 24°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic Ocean: from Iceland, the Faroe Islands, and southern Norway to the Cape Verde archipelago; the Azores archipelago appears to be the westernmost limit of its range; the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins.
Longitud en la primera madurez / Tamaño / Peso / Edad
Madurez: Lm 29.5  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 75.0 cm SL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 35388); common length : 32.0 cm SL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 7399); peso máximo publicado: 4.5 kg (Ref. 35388); edad máxima reportada: 25 años (Ref. 35388)
Espinas dorsales (total) : 5; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 7 - 9; Espinas anales: 3; Radios blandos anales: 8 - 9.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Adults are found inshore in schools, frequently entering brackish lagoons and freshwater (Ref. 30578). They migrate occasionally tending to move northward in summer-time as temperatures rise. Females are larger than males (Ref. 59043). Adults feed mainly on benthic diatoms, epiphytic algae, small invertebrates and detritus (Ref. 2804), juveniles only feed on zooplankton (Ref. 59043). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Reproduction occurs in the sea during winter (Ref. 30578). Eggs and larvae pelagic. Utilized as a food fish (Ref. 4645).
Juveniles around 2.0 cm SL move to coastal lagoons and estuaries in April-June and return to sea in summer (Ref. 59043).
Thomson, J.M., 1986. Mugilidae. p. 344-349. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels, MRAC; Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3573)
Situación en la Lista Roja de la UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Amenaza para el ser humano
Harmless
Usos humanos
Pesquerías: comercial; pesca deportiva: si; Acuario: Acuarios públicos
Herramientas
Informes especiales
Descargar XML
Fuentes de Internet
Estimaciones basadas en modelos
Índice de diversidad filogenética (Referencia 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00724 (0.00561 - 0.00936), b=3.11 (3.03 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Nivel trófico (Referencia 69278) |
2.6 ±0.32 se; based on food items. |
Resiliencia (Referencia 120179) |
Bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 4.5-14 años (K=0.12-0.3; tm=3; tmax=25). |
Vulnerabilidad pesquera (Ref. 59153) |
High vulnerability (63 of 100). 🛈 |
Vulnerabilidad climática (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoría de precios (Ref. 80766) |
Low.
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Nutrientes (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 39.2 [10.7, 335.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.623 [0.303, 1.151] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [16.5, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 0.399 [0.166, 0.964] g/100g; Selenium = 9.58 [3.60, 24.88] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.52 [2.12, 24.93] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.571 [0.342, 0.951] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |