Klassifizierung / Names
Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet
Ökologie
seewasser demersal; ozeanodrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 55 - 525 m (Ref. 5222). Tropical; 43°N - 34°S, 98°W - 35°W
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA to the Gulf of Mexico, Cuba, Trinidad, Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo (Ref. 47377), Brazil. Rare in the West Indies (Cuba, Haiti, and Trinidad). Reports from the eastern Pacific are apparently misidentifications of Epinephelus exsul.
Größe / Gewicht / Alter
Geschlechtsreife: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 230 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 5222); max. veröff. Gewicht: 198.1 kg (Ref. 4699); max. veröff. Alter: 91 Jahre (Ref. 127586)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 10; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 13 - 15; Afterflossenstacheln: 3; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 9. Distinguished by the following characteristics: dark reddish brown or brownish grey to almost black dorsally, dull reddish grey below; depth of body contained 2.4-2.6 times in SL; head length 2.1-2.5 times in SL; distinctly convex interorbital area; angular preopercle, rounded angle, with slightly enlarged serrae and with 1-2 small spines on lower edge just in front of angle; smooth interopercle and subopercle; subequal nostrils, posterior nostrils slightly larger; maxilla reaches well past eye; 4-5 rows of small teeth on midside part of lower jaw in adults and juveniles with 2-3 rows (Ref. 89707).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
A solitary species (Ref. 26340) usually found on rocky bottoms; juveniles are occasionally seen on jetties and shallow reefs (Ref. 89707). Adults feed on a variety of crabs, shrimps, lobsters, and fishes. Marketed fresh.
Lebenszyklus und Paarungsverhalten
Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fruchtbarkeit | Larven
Craig, M.T. and P.A. Hastings, 2007. A molecular phylogeny of the groupers of the subfamily Epinephelinae (Serranidae) with revised classification of the epinephelini. Ichthyol. Res. 54:1-17. (Ref. 83414)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja
Tools
Zusatzinformationen
Download XML
Internet Quellen
Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen
Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
|
Bayesian length-weight
|
a=0.01288 (0.00670 - 0.02479), b=3.05 (2.89 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Trophische Ebene (Ref. 69278) |
4.0 ±0.61 se; based on food items. |
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179) |
niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert 4,5 - 14 Jahre. (K=0.05-0.14; tmax=24). |
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei (Ref. 59153) |
Very high vulnerability (85 of 100). 🛈 |
Klimaanfälligkeit (Ref. 125649) |
High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100). 🛈 |
Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766) |
Very high.
|
Nährstoffe (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 40.6 [19.0, 78.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.705 [0.364, 1.349] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [16.2, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.233 [0.128, 0.425] g/100g; Selenium = 129 [65, 268] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.85 [3.12, 28.03] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.619 [0.422, 0.939] mg/100g (wet weight); |