分类 / 名称
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
环境:氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 55 - 525 m (Ref. 5222). 熱帶; 43°N - 34°S, 98°W - 35°W
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA to the Gulf of Mexico, Cuba, Trinidad, Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo (Ref. 47377), Brazil. Rare in the West Indies (Cuba, Haiti, and Trinidad). Reports from the eastern Pacific are apparently misidentifications of Epinephelus exsul.
西大西洋: 美國麻薩諸塞州到墨西哥灣,古巴,千里達,里約熱內盧與聖保羅 (參考文獻 47377) 巴西。 稀有的在西印度群島 (古巴,海地與千里達). 來自東太平洋的報告顯然地是 巴拿馬石斑魚〔Epinephelus exsul〕 的誤鑑。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 230 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5222); 最大体重: 198.1 kg (Ref. 4699); 最大年龄: 91 年 (Ref. 127586)
背棘 (总数) : 10; 背的软条 (总数) : 13 - 15; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 9. Distinguished by the following characteristics: dark reddish brown or brownish grey to almost black dorsally, dull reddish grey below; depth of body contained 2.4-2.6 times in SL; head length 2.1-2.5 times in SL; distinctly convex interorbital area; angular preopercle, rounded angle, with slightly enlarged serrae and with 1-2 small spines on lower edge just in front of angle; smooth interopercle and subopercle; subequal nostrils, posterior nostrils slightly larger; maxilla reaches well past eye; 4-5 rows of small teeth on midside part of lower jaw in adults and juveniles with 2-3 rows (Ref. 89707).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
A solitary species (Ref. 26340) usually found on rocky bottoms; juveniles are occasionally seen on jetties and shallow reefs (Ref. 89707). Adults feed on a variety of crabs, shrimps, lobsters, and fishes. Marketed fresh.
一种独居性种 (参考文献 26340) 通常发现于岩石底部; 稚鱼偶然地在突堤与浅水礁区上被见到。 成鱼吃多种螃蟹,虾,龙虾与鱼。 在市场上销售生鲜地了。
生命周期和交配行为
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 美國麻薩諸塞州到墨西哥灣,古巴,千里達,里約熱內盧與聖保羅 (參考文獻 47377) 巴西。 稀有的在西印度群島 (古巴,海地與千里達). 來自東太平洋的報告顯然地是 巴拿馬石斑魚〔Epinephelus exsul〕 的誤鑑。
Craig, M.T. and P.A. Hastings, 2007. A molecular phylogeny of the groupers of the subfamily Epinephelinae (Serranidae) with revised classification of the epinephelini. Ichthyol. Res. 54:1-17. (Ref. 83414)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
工具
特别资料
下载 XML
网络资源
基于模型的估算
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01288 (0.00670 - 0.02479), b=3.05 (2.89 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
4.0 ±0.61 se; based on food items. |
回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.05-0.14; tmax=24). |
渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Very high vulnerability (85 of 100). 🛈 |
气候脆弱性 (Ref. 125649) |
High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100). 🛈 |
价格分类 (Ref. 80766) |
Very high.
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营养素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 40.6 [19.0, 78.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.705 [0.364, 1.349] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [16.2, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.233 [0.128, 0.425] g/100g; Selenium = 129 [65, 268] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.85 [3.12, 28.03] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.619 [0.422, 0.939] mg/100g (wet weight); |