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Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Carangaria) >
Sphyraenidae (Barracudas)
金梭魚科 (Barracudas)
Etymology: Sphyraena: Greek, sphyraina, -es = the name of a fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
環境: 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 pelagic-neritic; 深度上下限 0 - 100 m (Ref. 26999). 亞熱帶的; 43°N - 37°S, 98°W - 14°E
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (USA), northern Gulf of Mexico, and throughout the Caribbean Sea to Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Senegal to Angola, including the Canary Islands and Cape Verde.
西大西洋: 麻薩諸塞州 (美國) ,墨西哥灣北部, 與在加勒比海到巴西各處。 東大西洋: 塞內加爾到安哥拉, 包括加納利群島與維德角。
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ?, range 35 - ? cm
Max length : 200 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 27000); common length : 70.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大體重: 1.8 kg (Ref. 57401)
背棘 (總數) : 6; 背的軟條 (總數) : 9; 臀棘: 2; 臀鰭軟條: 8. Diagnosis: 102-119 scales in lateral line; no chevrons on the flanks or, if present, not so well marked as in Sphyraena afra (Ref. 57401).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Occurs in shallow and generally turbid coastal water over muddy bottoms, often around river estuaries. Schooling species (Ref. 6949). Occasionally enters estuaries and brackish waters (Ref. 57401). Feeds on mainly on fishes belonging to the Engraulidae, Clupeidae, Lutjanidae and Synodontidae families and also on squid from the Loliginidae family (Ref. 9626). Maximum reported size: 71cm (Ref. 57401). Marketed fresh and salted.
出現於水淺與通常混濁的海岸水域在泥沙底上面, 時常河口的周圍。 群游種。 (參考文獻 6949) 主要捕食屬於鯷科,鯡科,笛鯛科與 Synodontidae 該科以及吃烏賊從 Loliginidae 該科的魚。 (參考文獻 9626) 在市場上銷售生鮮地.與鹽醃的。
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西大西洋: 麻薩諸塞州 (美國) ,墨西哥灣北部, 與在加勒比海到巴西各處。 東大西洋: 塞內加爾到安哥拉, 包括加納利群島與維德角。
De Sylva, D.P., 1990. Sphyraenidae. p. 860-864. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6949)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 29 January 2013
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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特別的報告
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基於模型的估計
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00794 (0.00516 - 0.01222), b=2.96 (2.84 - 3.08), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
營養階層 (參考文獻 69278) |
4.4 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies. |
回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Very high vulnerability (79 of 100). 🛈 |
價格種類 (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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營養素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 17.1 [7.1, 41.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.505 [0.233, 1.049] mg/100g; Protein = 20.7 [18.7, 22.3] %; Omega3 = 0.216 [0.093, 0.486] g/100g; Selenium = 26.1 [11.5, 59.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.29 [1.11, 31.59] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.335 [0.219, 0.563] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |