Taxonomic Remarks
Placement in Sparidae from Centracanthidae from Santini et al. (2014:Ref. 95347). Suggestion already made in Garrido-Ramos et al. 1995;
Hanel & Sturmbauer 2000; Summerer et al. 2001;
Orrell et al. 2002; Orrell & Carpenter 2004; Chiba
et al. 2009; Hanel & Tsigenopoulos 2011.
Entorno: milieu / zona climática / rango de profundidad / gama de distribución
Ecología
marino pelagic-neritic; rango de profundidad 15 - 328 m (Ref. 56504). Subtropical; 47°N - 20°N, 19°W - 42°E
Eastern Atlantic: entire Mediterranean, the Black Sea, southern Sea of Azov, and Atlantic coasts from Portugal to Morocco, including the Canary Islands and Madeira (Ref. 7349).
Longitud en la primera madurez / Tamaño / Peso / Edad
Madurez: Lm 9.1  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 24.2 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 86700); common length : 14.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 3397); peso máximo publicado: 55.00 g (Ref. 86713)
Descripción breve
Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría
This species is distinguished by the following characters: protractile premaxilla; head length equals and longer than body depth; lateral line scales 75 or more; a black spot on the body side above the pectoral fin; body gray above and silvery below; color varies with age, sex and season (Ref. 124120).
Cross section: compressed.
Depth range from 15-170 m but up to depth of 328 m in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). Inhabit Posidonia beds and muddy bottoms. Occur in schools except during breeding (Ref. 7081).
Ciclo vital y comportamiento de apareamiento
Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva
Spawns on detritic sandy bottoms, where the nests are excavated. A brightly colored male actively guards each nest, while females and some males swim above the area. At the end of the incubation period, the males lose their coloration, group into large schools and move to feeding places (Ref. 7081). Also Ref. 103751.
Heemstra, P.C., 1990. Centracanthidae. p. 768-772. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7349)
Situación en la Lista Roja de la UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Amenaza para el ser humano
Harmless
Usos humanos
Pesquerías: escaso valor comercial; pesca deportiva: si
Herramientas
Informes especiales
Descargar XML
Fuentes de Internet
Estimaciones basadas en modelos
Índice de diversidad filogenética (Referencia 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
|
Bayesian length-weight
|
a=0.01096 (0.00979 - 0.01227), b=3.00 (2.97 - 3.03), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Nivel trófico (Referencia 69278) |
3.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies. |
|
Generation time |
2.5 (1.3 - 4.7) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 17 growth studies. |
Resiliencia (Referencia 120179) |
Medio, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 1.4-4.4 años (K=0.15-3.07(?); tmax=7). |
|
Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.59, 95% CL = 0.39 - 0.89, Based on 2 full stock assessments. |
Vulnerabilidad pesquera (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoría de precios (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
|
Nutrientes (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 115 [57, 226] mg/100g; Iron = 0.677 [0.204, 3.677] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.2, 21.2] %; Omega3 = 0.664 [0.321, 1.550] g/100g; Selenium = 20.3 [9.3, 40.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 35.4 [10.3, 121.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.505 [0.198, 1.909] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |