Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina pelagic-oceanic; havsvandrande (Ref. 71039); djupintervall 0 - 1000 m (Ref. 43). Subtropical; 22°C - 31°C (Ref. 43); 50°N - 45°S, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 43)
Atlantic Ocean: in tropical and temperate waters. We follow Nakamura 1985 (Ref. 43) in recognizing Makaira mazara and Makaira nigricans as two distinct species chiefly because of differences in the pattern of the lateral line system. Many scientists, however, do not recognize this character as specifically diagnostic and consider the latter species as a single pantropical species occurring in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. Highly migratory species.
Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm ?, range 50 - ? cm
Max length : 500 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 11441); 500.0 cm TL (female); common length : 290 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 6659); publicerad maxvikt: 636.0 kg (Ref. 40637); publicerad maxvikt: 636.0 kg; rapporterad maxålder: 20 år (Ref. 120707)
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 45 - 50; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 19 - 23. Body blue-black above and silvery white below, with about 15 rows of pale cobalt-colored stripes; 1st dorsal fin plain blackish or dark blue, other fins brown black with a tinge of dark blue in some specimens; anal fin bases with a tinge of silvery white. Lateral line a network of interconnecting canals (Ref. 26938).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
An oceanic species. Water color affects its occurrence, at least in the northern Gulf of Mexico, where the fish show preference for blue water. Rarely gathers in schools and usually found as scattered single individuals. Feeds mainly on fishes but also preys on octopods and squids. Marketed fresh or frozen (Ref. 43). Feeding takes place during daytime. Maturity reached at about 80 cm in males and 50 cm in females (Ref. 36731). Females grow larger (Ref. 4770). Recent study indicates maximum age close to 20 years using a series of deductions in the ¹⁴C dating method (Ref. 120707).
Subripe ova are opaque, white to yellow, and 0.3 to 0.5 mm in diameter. Transparent spherical eggs flowing out of a ripe ovary measured 1 mm in diameter.
Nakamura, I., 1985. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(5):65p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 43)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Hot mot människor
Harmless
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: kommersiell; sportfisk: ja
Verktyg
Särskilda rapporter
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.7505 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00427 (0.00255 - 0.00714), b=3.12 (2.97 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278) |
4.5 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies. |
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Generation time |
3.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
Resiliens (Ref. 120179) |
Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (K=0.3-1.5; tmax=20; Fec>10,000). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.44, 95% CL = 0.29 - 0.66, Based on 6 full stock assessments. |
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100). 🛈 |
Sårbarhet för klimatet (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100). 🛈 |
Priskategori (Ref. 80766) |
High.
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Näringsämnen (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 23.3 [9.7, 43.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.898 [0.478, 1.711] mg/100g; Protein = 19.8 [18.5, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.245 [0.123, 0.499] g/100g; Selenium = 71.6 [34.5, 159.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 3.61 [0.99, 13.41] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.283 [0.180, 0.446] mg/100g (wet weight); |