Taxonomic Remarks
Hypanus brevis (Garman, 1880) is considered as a separate valid species in a preprint. Needs the formal publication.
البيئة: الوسط / المنطقة المناخية / نطاق العمق / نطاق التوزيع
البيئة
بحري القاع; نطاق العمق 10 - 355 m (Ref. 58302). Subtropical; 42°N - 25°S, 125°W - 70°W
Eastern Pacific: southern California, USA to Peru. Reported from the Galapagos Islands (Ref. 5530). Occurrence in British Columbia, Canada remains questionable (Ref. 6885). Not in Compagno's 1999 checklist (Ref. 35766).
الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 167 cm WD ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 122662)
Inhabits sandy areas, often around rocks and kelp beds (Ref. 2850). Benthic (Ref. 58302). Feeds on crabs and mollusks (Ref. 4925); and worms (Ref. 114953). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449); litters of 1-4 pups and gestation period of approx. 3 months (Ref. 114953).
دورة الحياة وسلوك التزاوج
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | اليرقات
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor, 2016. Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953)
حالة القائمة الحمراء للاتحاد الدولي لحفظ الطبيعة والموارد الطبيعية (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
خطر للأنسان
Traumatogenic (Ref. 4716)
استخدامات بشرية
لعبة سمكه: نعم
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
تنزيل XML
مصادر علي الأنترنت
تقديرات تستند إلى النماذج
مؤشر التنوع الشُعبي الوراثي (مرجع 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00447 (0.00189 - 0.01053), b=3.12 (2.92 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
مستوى غذائي (مرجع 69278) |
3.5 ±0.50 se; based on food items. |
المرونه (مرجع 120179) |
منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (Assuming fecundity<100). |
ضعف الصيد (Ref. 59153) |
Very high vulnerability (77 of 100). 🛈 |
المغذيات (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 17.9 [3.6, 84.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.711 [0.182, 2.072] mg/100g; Protein = 23.3 [20.5, 25.9] %; Omega3 = 0.279 [0.080, 0.816] g/100g; Selenium = 29.2 [9.0, 83.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.69 [2.88, 20.54] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.566 [0.279, 1.018] mg/100g (wet weight); |