分類 / 名稱
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Taxonomic Remarks
Hypanus brevis (Garman, 1880) is considered as a separate valid species in a preprint. Needs the formal publication.
環境: 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 10 - 355 m (Ref. 58302). 亞熱帶的; 42°N - 25°S, 125°W - 70°W
Eastern Pacific: southern California, USA to Peru. Reported from the Galapagos Islands (Ref. 5530). Occurrence in British Columbia, Canada remains questionable (Ref. 6885). Not in Compagno's 1999 checklist (Ref. 35766).
東太平洋: 美國的南加州到祕魯。 記錄來自加拉巴哥群島了。 (參考文獻 5530) 在加拿大卑詩省的發生保持可疑。 (參考文獻 6885) 不在 Compagno's 1999 名錄中.(參考文獻 35766)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 167 cm WD 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 122662)
Inhabits sandy areas, often around rocks and kelp beds (Ref. 2850). Benthic (Ref. 58302). Feeds on crabs and mollusks (Ref. 4925); and worms (Ref. 114953). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449); litters of 1-4 pups and gestation period of approx. 3 months (Ref. 114953).
棲息於沙地, 時常岩石與海藻床的周圍.(參考文獻 2850) 底棲的.(參考文獻 58302) 吃螃蟹與軟體動物。 (參考文獻 4925) 卵胎生的.(參考文獻 50449)
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).東太平洋: 美國的南加州到祕魯。 記錄來自加拉巴哥群島了。 (參考文獻 5530) 在加拿大卑詩省的發生保持可疑。 (參考文獻 6885) 不在 Compagno's 1999 名錄中.(參考文獻 35766)
Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor, 2016. Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
易受傷害 (VU) (A2d); Date assessed: 08 February 2019
人類使用
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基於模型的估計
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00447 (0.00189 - 0.01053), b=3.12 (2.92 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
營養階層 (參考文獻 69278) |
3.5 ±0.50 se; based on food items. |
回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming fecundity<100). |
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Very high vulnerability (77 of 100). 🛈 |
營養素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 17.9 [3.6, 84.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.711 [0.182, 2.072] mg/100g; Protein = 23.3 [20.5, 25.9] %; Omega3 = 0.279 [0.080, 0.816] g/100g; Selenium = 29.2 [9.0, 83.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.69 [2.88, 20.54] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.566 [0.279, 1.018] mg/100g (wet weight); |