Entorno: milieu / zona climática / rango de profundidad / gama de distribución
Ecología
marino; salobre bentopelágico; oceanodromo (Ref. 3688); rango de profundidad 1 - 200 m (Ref. 4781), usually 30 - 50 m (Ref. 2683). Subtropical; 45°N - 17°S, 19°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: Portugal and Strait of Gibraltar to Angola, including the Mediterranean.
Longitud en la primera madurez / Tamaño / Peso / Edad
Madurez: Lm 18.7, range 17 - 23 cm
Max length : 90.0 cm SL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 4781); common length : 50.0 cm SL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 4781); peso máximo publicado: 11.6 kg (Ref. 40637)
Generally found in hard bottoms (rocks and rubble), the older individuals in the deeper part of the range, the young in inshore areas. Feed mainly on bivalves and also on crustaceans and fish. Sexual maturity at 2 years old. Spawning migration occurs parallel to the coast with intermittent spawning between spring and autumn over soft bottoms in shallow waters (Ref. 3688).
Ciclo vital y comportamiento de apareamiento
Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva
A different diagnosis of sexual pattern may arise for this species brought about by geographical variations (Ref. 103751). Also Ref. 41163.
Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)
Situación en la Lista Roja de la UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Amenaza para el ser humano
Harmless
Usos humanos
Pesquerías: comercial; pesca deportiva: si
Herramientas
Informes especiales
Descargar XML
Fuentes de Internet
Estimaciones basadas en modelos
Índice de diversidad filogenética (Referencia 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01905 (0.01645 - 0.02207), b=2.95 (2.91 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Nivel trófico (Referencia 69278) |
3.7 ±0.54 se; based on food items. |
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Generation time |
5.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
Resiliencia (Referencia 120179) |
Medio, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 1.4-4.4 años (K=0.28; tmax=10; tm=2). |
Vulnerabilidad pesquera (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100). 🛈 |
Vulnerabilidad climática (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoría de precios (Ref. 80766) |
High.
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Nutrientes (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 37.1 [17.3, 70.3] mg/100g; Iron = 1.04 [0.30, 2.90] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [18.1, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.253 [0.138, 0.453] g/100g; Selenium = 39 [17, 80] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.42 [1.82, 28.09] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.592 [0.297, 1.251] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |