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Thrissina baelama
Picture by Randall, J.E.
Pictures | Google image
Picture by Randall, J.E.
Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology
Marine; brackish; pelagic-neritic. Tropical
Distribution Territories | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri
Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.
Size / Weight / Age
Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13 - 16; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 25 - 35; Vertebrae: 39 - 40. This species is distinguished by the following characters: short maxilla, its posterior tip not reaching to posterior margin of the opercle; first supramaxilla elongated, longer than half length of second; abdomen is covered with 5-8 + 9-10 = 14-17 keeled scutes; scutes anterior to pectoral fin absent; 1UGR (upper gill rakers of first gill arch) 15-18, 1LGR (lower gill rakers of first gill arch) 20-23, 1TGR (total gill rakers of first gill arch) 36-40; 2UGR 12-15, 2LGR 20-23, 2TGR 33-38; 3UGR 10-13, 3LGR 12-14, 3TGR 23-27; 4UGR 9-11, 4LGR 9-12, 4TGR 18-22; no distinct black blotches on the dorsal fin; caudal peduncle is rather deep, 10.1-11.5% (mean 10.5%) of SL, and short 8.7-10.4% (usually shorter than 10%; mean 9.3%) of SL; pre-dorsal-fin is short, 48.0-50.4% of SL; snout is short, 3.9-4.8% of SL; body elongate, 23.0-26.9% (rarely 21.2%; mean 24.5%) of SL (Ref. 129422).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: compressed.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: compressed.
Marine, pelagic and presumably schooling (Ref. 189). Found mostly inshore in bays, lagoons, harbours, mangrove pools and estuaries, thus apparently able to tolerate lowered salinities (Ref. 189, 30573). It contributes to general clupeoid catches, but no special fishery (Ref. 189). Used as a baitfish in Pacific Ocean (Ref. 189).
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Main reference
Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators
Hata, H., I.F. Mandagi and K.W.A. Masengi, 2023. Resurrection of nominal species previously regarded as junior synonyms of Thrissina baelama (Fabricius, 1775) and their re-descriptions (Teleostei: Clupeiformes: Engraulidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 71:279-302. (Ref. 129422)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 06 March 2017
CITES
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes; bait: usually
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us
More information
Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Spawning
Spawning aggregations
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Reproduction
Maturity
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Spawning
Spawning aggregations
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Tools
Bio-Quiz | E-book | Field guide | Identification keys | Length-frequency wizard | Life-history tool | Point map |
Catch-MSY |
Special reports
Download XML
Internet sources
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
|
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00380 (0.00173 - 0.00834), b=3.10 (2.92 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
|
Trophic level (Ref. 69278) |
3.3 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives |
|
Resilience (Ref. 120179) |
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
|
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153) |
Low vulnerability (14 of 100). 🛈 |
|
Price category (Ref. 80766) |
Medium. |
|
Nutrients (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 252 [138, 574] mg/100g; Iron = 2.01 [1.12, 3.61] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.2, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.476 [0.242, 0.968] g/100g; Selenium = 35.7 [17.1, 75.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 30.5 [8.0, 82.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.04 [1.38, 3.01] mg/100g (wet weight); |