Rhina ancylostomus Bloch & Schneider, 1801
Bowmouth guitarfish
分類 / 名稱 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii 板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) > Rhinopristiformes (Shovelnose rays) > Rhinidae (Wedgefishes)
Etymology: Rhina: Greek, rhinos = nose (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.
Etymology: Rhina: Greek, rhinos = nose (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.
Taxonomic Remarks
Spelling following ECoF.
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍 生態學
分布 領土 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | 分布圖 | 簡介 | Faunafri
Indo-West Pacific, from South Africa (Natal coast), Mozambique, East Africa, Seychelles, the Red Sea, Arabia, Oman, the Persian Gulf, India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Indonesia (Borneo), Philippines, New Guinea, Thailand, Viet Nam, China, Taiwan Province of China, Korea, Japan, and Australia.
印度-西太平洋: 紅海而且東非到巴布亞新幾內亞,北至日本, 南至澳洲新南威爾斯。
印度-西太平洋: 紅海而且東非到巴布亞新幾內亞,北至日本, 南至澳洲新南威爾斯。
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm 164.0, range 150 - 178 cm
Max length : 300 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 58784); 最大體重: 135.0 kg (Ref. 9987)
Max length : 300 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 58784); 最大體重: 135.0 kg (Ref. 9987)
簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
An unmistakable guitarfish with a broad, rounded snout, large, high pectoral fins, and heavy ridges of spiky thorns over the eyes and on the back and shoulders; jaws with heavily ridged, crushing teeth in undulating rows (Ref. 5578). Grey or brownish above (Ref. 5578), white below; numerous white spots dorsally on fins, body and tail; black spots on head and shoulders but no eyespots or ocelli (Ref. 3919).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
一個明顯的犁頭鰩具有一個寬的, 圓的吻﹐大的﹐和高的胸鰭 , 與在眼上的尖刺的大的隆起與在背部與肩上; 頜部有很大的隆起，量多的牙齒成波浪形排列.(參考文獻 5578) 灰色或上方褐色的 (參考文獻 5578), 腹面白色的; 很多的白色斑點在鰭，身體與尾部背面上; 在頭部與肩上的黑色的斑點但是沒有眼斑或假眼斑.(參考文獻 3919)
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
一個明顯的犁頭鰩具有一個寬的, 圓的吻﹐大的﹐和高的胸鰭 , 與在眼上的尖刺的大的隆起與在背部與肩上; 頜部有很大的隆起，量多的牙齒成波浪形排列.(參考文獻 5578) 灰色或上方褐色的 (參考文獻 5578), 腹面白色的; 很多的白色斑點在鰭，身體與尾部背面上; 在頭部與肩上的黑色的斑點但是沒有眼斑或假眼斑.(參考文獻 3919)
Inhabits coastal areas and offshore coral reefs, close inshore (Ref. 9915). Found on sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 12951). Sometimes found in the water column (Ref. 12951). Feeds on demersal bony fishes (e.g. croakers), crustaceans (crabs, prawns), bivalves, and cephalopods (Ref. 9915, 114953). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Produces litters of 2-11 pups (Ref. 114953). A row of large spines present above the eye, on the center of the nape, and on the shoulder have a defensive function (can be used for butting). Caught commonly by demersal tangle net, and occasionally trawl and longline fisheries (Ref.58048). Considered as to be a problem in trawls because it is very rough and spiky, difficult to handle and can be hazardous, thus they create a nuisance to trawl fishers as they are difficult to remove and their roughness can damage smaller species in the catch (Ref. 9915, 93660). Utilized fresh and dried-salted; the pectoral fins are the only part which is eaten (Ref. 9987).
棲息於沿岸區域與在珊瑚礁，近岸上.(參考文獻 9915) 棲息於沙與泥底部了。 (參考文獻 12951) 有時發現於水團。 (參考文獻 12951) 主要吃底部甲殼動物與軟體動物。 (參考文獻 9915) 卵胎生的.(參考文獻 50449) 一排在後頸的中心上,大的棘位於眼之上, 而且在肩上有一個防禦的功能.(能被用來但是) 困難的觸摸而且能損壞網具在拖網當被捕捉時.(參考文獻 9915) 生鮮使用與乾燥鹽醃; 胸鰭是被吃的 的唯一的部份。 (參考文獻 9987)
棲息於沿岸區域與在珊瑚礁，近岸上.(參考文獻 9915) 棲息於沙與泥底部了。 (參考文獻 12951) 有時發現於水團。 (參考文獻 12951) 主要吃底部甲殼動物與軟體動物。 (參考文獻 9915) 卵胎生的.(參考文獻 50449) 一排在後頸的中心上,大的棘位於眼之上, 而且在肩上有一個防禦的功能.(能被用來但是) 困難的觸摸而且能損壞網具在拖網當被捕捉時.(參考文獻 9915) 生鮮使用與乾燥鹽醃; 胸鰭是被吃的 的唯一的部份。 (參考文獻 9987)
生命週期和交配行為 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). With 4 in a litter (Ref. 12951). Size at birth 45 cm (Ref. 12951).印度-西太平洋: 紅海而且東非到巴布亞新幾內亞,北至日本, 南至澳洲新南威爾斯。
主要參考資料
上傳您的推薦信 | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Compagno, L.J.V. and P.R. Last, 1999. Rhinidae (=Rhynchobatidae). Wedgefishes. p. 1418-1422. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO identification guide for fishery purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9915)
對人類具威脅
另外地 (Ref. 637)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
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基於模型的估計
|
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 1.0005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00363 (0.00162 - 0.00814), b=3.11 (2.90 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
|
營養階層 (參考文獻 69278) |
3.6 ±0.50 se; based on food items. |
|
回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Fec=4). |
|
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Very high vulnerability (76 of 100). 🛈 |
|
價格種類 (Ref. 80766) |
Medium. |
|
營養素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 6.66 [1.37, 27.05] mg/100g; Iron = 0.311 [0.072, 0.881] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [17.3, 21.6] %; Omega3 = 0.0694 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 45.3 [13.9, 139.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 26.1 [8.3, 82.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.722 [0.351, 1.434] mg/100g (wet weight); |