Rhina ancylostomus Bloch & Schneider, 1801
Bowmouth guitarfish
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii 板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) > Rhinopristiformes (Shovelnose rays) > Rhinidae (Wedgefishes)
Etymology: Rhina: Greek, rhinos = nose (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.
Etymology: Rhina: Greek, rhinos = nose (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.
Taxonomic Remarks
Spelling following ECoF.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Indo-West Pacific, from South Africa (Natal coast), Mozambique, East Africa, Seychelles, the Red Sea, Arabia, Oman, the Persian Gulf, India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Indonesia (Borneo), Philippines, New Guinea, Thailand, Viet Nam, China, Taiwan Province of China, Korea, Japan, and Australia.
印度-西太平洋: 紅海而且東非到巴布亞新幾內亞,北至日本, 南至澳洲新南威爾斯。
印度-西太平洋: 紅海而且東非到巴布亞新幾內亞,北至日本, 南至澳洲新南威爾斯。
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 164.0, range 150 - 178 cm
Max length : 300 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 58784); 最大体重: 135.0 kg (Ref. 9987)
Max length : 300 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 58784); 最大体重: 135.0 kg (Ref. 9987)
简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
An unmistakable guitarfish with a broad, rounded snout, large, high pectoral fins, and heavy ridges of spiky thorns over the eyes and on the back and shoulders; jaws with heavily ridged, crushing teeth in undulating rows (Ref. 5578). Grey or brownish above (Ref. 5578), white below; numerous white spots dorsally on fins, body and tail; black spots on head and shoulders but no eyespots or ocelli (Ref. 3919).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
一个明显的犁头鳐具有一个宽的, 圆的吻，大的，和高的胸鳍 , 与在眼上的尖刺的大的隆起与在背部与肩上; 颌部有很大的隆起，量多的牙齿成波浪形排列.(参考文献 5578) 灰色或上方褐色的 (参考文献 5578), 腹面白色的; 很多的白色斑点在鳍，身体与尾部背面上; 在头部与肩上的黑色的斑点但是没有眼斑或假眼斑.(参考文献 3919)
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
一个明显的犁头鳐具有一个宽的, 圆的吻，大的，和高的胸鳍 , 与在眼上的尖刺的大的隆起与在背部与肩上; 颌部有很大的隆起，量多的牙齿成波浪形排列.(参考文献 5578) 灰色或上方褐色的 (参考文献 5578), 腹面白色的; 很多的白色斑点在鳍，身体与尾部背面上; 在头部与肩上的黑色的斑点但是没有眼斑或假眼斑.(参考文献 3919)
Inhabits coastal areas and offshore coral reefs, close inshore (Ref. 9915). Found on sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 12951). Sometimes found in the water column (Ref. 12951). Feeds on demersal bony fishes (e.g. croakers), crustaceans (crabs, prawns), bivalves, and cephalopods (Ref. 9915, 114953). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Produces litters of 2-11 pups (Ref. 114953). A row of large spines present above the eye, on the center of the nape, and on the shoulder have a defensive function (can be used for butting). Caught commonly by demersal tangle net, and occasionally trawl and longline fisheries (Ref.58048). Considered as to be a problem in trawls because it is very rough and spiky, difficult to handle and can be hazardous, thus they create a nuisance to trawl fishers as they are difficult to remove and their roughness can damage smaller species in the catch (Ref. 9915, 93660). Utilized fresh and dried-salted; the pectoral fins are the only part which is eaten (Ref. 9987).
栖息于沿岸区域与在珊瑚礁，近岸上.(参考文献 9915) 栖息于沙与泥底部了。 (参考文献 12951) 有时发现于水团。 (参考文献 12951) 主要吃底部甲壳动物与软件动物。 (参考文献 9915) 卵胎生的.(参考文献 50449) 一排在后颈的中心上,大的棘位于眼之上, 而且在肩上有一个防御的功能.(能被用来但是) 困难的触摸而且能损坏网具在拖网当被捕捉时.(参考文献 9915) 生鲜使用与乾燥盐腌; 胸鳍是被吃的 的唯一的部份。 (参考文献 9987)
栖息于沿岸区域与在珊瑚礁，近岸上.(参考文献 9915) 栖息于沙与泥底部了。 (参考文献 12951) 有时发现于水团。 (参考文献 12951) 主要吃底部甲壳动物与软件动物。 (参考文献 9915) 卵胎生的.(参考文献 50449) 一排在后颈的中心上,大的棘位于眼之上, 而且在肩上有一个防御的功能.(能被用来但是) 困难的触摸而且能损坏网具在拖网当被捕捉时.(参考文献 9915) 生鲜使用与乾燥盐腌; 胸鳍是被吃的 的唯一的部份。 (参考文献 9987)
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). With 4 in a litter (Ref. 12951). Size at birth 45 cm (Ref. 12951).印度-西太平洋: 紅海而且東非到巴布亞新幾內亞,北至日本, 南至澳洲新南威爾斯。
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Compagno, L.J.V. and P.R. Last, 1999. Rhinidae (=Rhynchobatidae). Wedgefishes. p. 1418-1422. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO identification guide for fishery purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9915)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
极度濒危 (CR) (A2bd); Date assessed: 03 December 2018
对人类的威胁
另外地 (Ref. 637)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
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基于模型的估算
|
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 1.0005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00363 (0.00162 - 0.00814), b=3.11 (2.90 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
|
营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
3.6 ±0.50 se; based on food items. |
|
回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (Fec=4). |
|
渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Very high vulnerability (76 of 100). 🛈 |
|
价格分类 (Ref. 80766) |
Medium. |
|
营养素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 6.66 [1.37, 27.05] mg/100g; Iron = 0.311 [0.072, 0.881] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [17.3, 21.6] %; Omega3 = 0.0694 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 45.3 [13.9, 139.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 26.1 [8.3, 82.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.722 [0.351, 1.434] mg/100g (wet weight); |