This website uses cookies to enhance your browsing experience and ensure the functionality of our site. For more detailed information about the types of cookies we use and how we protect your privacy, please visit our Privacy Information page.
×
Cookie Settings
This website uses different types of cookies to enhance your experience. Please select your preferences below:
Elasmobranchii (tubarões e raias) (sharks and rays) > Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks) > Sphyrnidae (Hammerhead, bonnethead, or scoophead sharks)
Etymology: Sphyrna:Probable misspelling of sphyra (Gr.), hammer, referring to their hammer-shaped heads (See ETYFish); zygaena:zygaina, ancient Greek name for hammerhead sharks, derived from zygon, yoke, alluding to yoke-like shape of cephalofoil (See ETYFish). More on author: Linnaeus.
Meio ambiente: milieu / Zona climática / intervalo de profundidade / faixa de distribuição Ecologia
marinhas; estuarina pelagic-oceanic; oceanódromo (Ref. 13562); intervalo de profundidade 0 - 200 m (Ref. 5578), usually 0 - 20 m (Ref. 55303). Subtropical; 59°N - 55°S, 180°W - 180°E
Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm250.0, range 265 - ? cm Max length : 500 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 35388); common length : 335 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 13562); peso máx. publicado: 400.0 kg (Ref. 9987); idade máx. registrada: 21 anos (Ref. 116211)
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 0; Espinhos anais: 0. A large hammerhead without a notch at the center of the curved headhead (Ref. 58085); but with prominent lateral indentations; prenarial grooves well-developed; snout short, 1/5 to less than a third of head width; mouth broadly arched (Ref. 114967); the first dorsal fin is moderately high, the second dorsal and pelvic fins are low. Colour olive-grey or dark grey above, white below, and the undersides of the pectoral fin tips dusky (Ref. 58085). Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: angular.
Occurs inshore and well offshore (Ref. 5578), over continental and insular shelves (Ref. 244). Coastal, pelagic, and semi-oceanic, but often bottom associated at 1-139 m (Ref. 58302). Migrates northward in summer; young often in large aggregations of hundreds of individuals (Ref. 13562). Prefers to feed on small sharks, skates and stingrays, but also preys on bony fishes, shrimps, crabs, barnacles and cephalopods (Ref. 244). Viviparous (Ref. 50449). Regarded as being dangerous to people, though only few can be tentatively attributed to this species due to its occurrence in temperate waters (Ref. 244). Reported to cause poisoning (Ref. 4690). Caught occasionally by shark and tuna longline fisheries (Ref.58048). Meat utilized fresh, dried-salted, and possibly smoked for human consumption; liver oil for vitamins, fins for soup, hide for leather, and carcasses for fishmeal (Ref. 244). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166). Become sexually mature when 250 to 300 cm long. The female gives birth to 30 - 40 young (Ref. 35388).
Viviparous, placental (Ref. 50449), with 20 to 50 young per litter (Ref. 6871)after a gestation period of 10-11 months (Ref.58048). Size at birth between 50-60 cm TL (Ref. 13562).
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Ciclo de vida Reprodução Maturidade Maturidade/Rel. das guelras Fecundidade Desova Agregações de desova Ovos Desenvolvimento dos ovos Larvas Dinâmica larval
Fisiologia Composição corporal Nutrientes Consumo de oxigênio Tipo de natação Velocidade de natação Pigmentos visuais Som de peixe Doenças e Parasitas Toxicidade (LC50s)
