Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
marino demersale; oceanodromo (Ref. 51243); distribuzione batimetrica 5 - 409 m (Ref. 56504). Subtropical; 62°N - 14°N, 19°W - 42°E
Eastern Atlantic: Western Norway, English Channel (rare in North Sea) to Dakar, Senegal and the Canary Islands, including the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
Lunghezza alla prima maturità / Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm 16.1, range 15 - 26 cm
Max length : 40.0 cm SL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 3397); common length : 25.0 cm SL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 4845); peso massimo pubblicato: 1.0 kg (Ref. 35388); Età massima riportata: 11 anni (Ref. 92286)
Head is less steep. Barbels longer than pectoral fin. Body with longitudinal red and brown stripes. First dorsal fin with dark markings (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Adults occur on broken and rough grounds but also found over sand and soft bottoms at depths less than 100 m. Depth range from 5-60 m (Ref. 07313) and from 305-409 m in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). Feed on benthic organisms such as shrimps and amphipods, polychaetes, mollusks, and benthic fishes. Spawning occurs from May to July, eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 4845). Marketed fresh and frozen for steaming, pan-frying, broiling and baking (Ref. 9988).
A determinate spawner (Ref. 41706).
Ben-Tuvia, A., 1990. Mullidae. p. 827-829. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7313)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Minaccia per l'uomo
Harmless
Usi umani
Pesca: commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si
Strumenti
Rapporti speciali
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Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Indice di diversità filogenetica (Fonte Biblio. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00912 (0.00837 - 0.00994), b=3.11 (3.08 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Livello trofico (Fonte Biblio. 69278) |
3.5 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies. |
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Generation time |
3.8 (2.2 - 4.2) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 25 growth studies. |
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio. 120179) |
Basso, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 4.5 - 14 anni (K=0.1-0.7; tm=2; tmax=11). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.87, 95% CL = 0.58 - 1.31, Based on 9 full stock assessments. |
Vulnerabilità della pesca (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100). 🛈 |
Vulnerabilità climatica (Ref. 125649) |
Low vulnerability (19 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoria di prezzo (Ref. 80766) |
Very high.
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Nutrienti (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 70.8 [39.2, 146.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.438 [0.173, 1.644] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [18.2, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.824 [0.529, 1.298] g/100g; Selenium = 23.7 [10.9, 50.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.1 [5.3, 54.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.228 [0.152, 0.506] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |