Entorno: milieu / zona climática / rango de profundidad / gama de distribución
Ecología
marino demersal; oceanodromo (Ref. 51243); rango de profundidad 50 - 2000 m (Ref. 4705). Temperate; 79°N - 36°N, 77°W - 55°E
Atlantic Ocean and adjacent Arctic.
Longitud en la primera madurez / Tamaño / Peso / Edad
Madurez: Lm 122.0, range 135 - ? cm
Max length : 470 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 7251); 300.0 cm TL (female); peso máximo publicado: 320.0 kg (Ref. 7251); edad máxima reportada: 50 años (Ref. 173)
Espinas dorsales (total) : 0; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 98 - 110; Espinas anales: 0; Radios blandos anales: 73 - 85. Uniformly dark brown or black; young marbled or spotted with paler marks (Ref. 4705).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Adults are benthic but occasionally pelagic (Ref. 4705). Feed mainly on other fishes (cod, haddock, pogge, sand-eels, herring, capelin), but also takes cephalopods, large crustaceans and other bottom-living animals. Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). Growth rate varies according to density, competition and availability of food. Slow growth rate and late onset of sexual maturity, halibut populations can be seriously affected by overfishing (Ref. 35388). Utilized fresh, dried or salted, smoked and frozen; can be steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Also Ref. 58426.
Males reach sexual maturity at 7-8 years and females at 10-11 years. Spawning happens from December to April, near the bottom (300 to 700 m), at temperatures between 5 and 7°. Egg size 3.0-3.8, larval size at hatching 6.5 mm (Ref. 4705).
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
Situación en la Lista Roja de la UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Amenaza para el ser humano
Harmless
Usos humanos
Pesquerías: comercial; Acuicultura: experimental; pesca deportiva: si; Acuario: Acuarios públicos
Herramientas
Informes especiales
Descargar XML
Fuentes de Internet
Estimaciones basadas en modelos
Índice de diversidad filogenética (Referencia 82804) |
PD50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00550 (0.00399 - 0.00757), b=3.17 (3.08 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Nivel trófico (Referencia 69278) |
4.0 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies. |
Resiliencia (Referencia 120179) |
Muy bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo superior a 14 años (tmax=30; tm=10; K=0.02-0.2; Fec=1,300,000; also Musick et al. 2000 (Ref. 36717)). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.27, 95% CL = 0.18 - 0.40, Based on 1 full stock assessment. |
Vulnerabilidad pesquera (Ref. 59153) |
Very high vulnerability (88 of 100). 🛈 |
Vulnerabilidad climática (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoría de precios (Ref. 80766) |
Very high.
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Nutrientes (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 5.62 [1.90, 13.84] mg/100g; Iron = 0.178 [0.067, 0.495] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [16.0, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.35 [0.14, 0.90] g/100g; Selenium = 57.8 [19.5, 148.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.93 [1.78, 32.76] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.387 [0.168, 0.655] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |